亜核体ゲノム構造は,核体の折り畳みパターンを明らかにする
Masae Ohno1, Tadashi Ando2, David G Priest1
1Laboratory for Cell Systems Control, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 6-2-3 Furuedai, Suita, Osaka 565-0874, Japan.
Cell
|January 22, 2019
まとめ
研究者らは核細胞分解のHi-Cとシミュレーションを用いて 核細胞の基本的折り畳みモチーフであるアルファ・テトラヘッドとベータ・ロンブスを発見した. これらの発見は 染色体構造を制御する 分子レベルの原理を明らかにしています
科学分野:
- 分子生物学
- ゲノミクス
- 構造生物学
背景:
- ゲノム全体のクロマチンの構造を理解することは 極めて重要ですが 難しいことです
- 既存のHi-C技術は,トポロジカルな関連ドメインのような大規模な構造をマッピングしますが,核細胞スケールの解像度がありません.
- 核細胞の折りたたみと指向を 支配するルールは まだ十分に理解されていません
研究 の 目的:
- 核細胞の3D空間分布とゲノム全体の方向性を解明する.
- 核細胞の折りたたみにおける基本的な構造的モチーフを特定する.
- 核細胞の位置と指向を エピジェネティック特性に結びつける
主な方法:
- 核細胞分解による高通量染色体構成捕捉 (Hi-C) とシミュレートされたアニリング分子動力学 (SA-MD) のシミュレーションを組み合わせる.
- クロマチンの構造を核細胞レベルで分析するためのHi-COという新しい方法の開発.
- 詳細な分析のために変異した酵母細胞と細胞サイクル同期した酵母細胞を使用します.
主要な成果:
- イーストのゲノム全体に 異なる核細胞の折り畳みパターンを特定する.
- タンパク質の折りたたみと同様のアルファ四面体とベータロムブスの 2つの基本的な二次構造モチーフの発見
- 特定のヌクレオソームの位置と向きが,個々のロキの表遺伝的特徴と相関する.
結論:
- この研究は,核細胞の折り畳みの基本的な組織的原理を確立しています.
- 発見は,真核染色体における分子レベルの構造-機能関係に光を当てる.
- Hi-COは,クロマチンを核分裂解像度で研究するための強力なアプローチを提供します.
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