軍隊と世界保健: 平和,紛争,災害対応
Joshua Michaud1, Kellie Moss2, Derek Licina3
1Henry J Kaiser Family Foundation, Washington, DC, USA; Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies, Washington, DC, USA.
Lancet (London, England)
|January 22, 2019
まとめ
軍隊には 価値ある世界規模の 医療能力がありますが 安全保障上の目的は 人道的な目標と 矛盾するかもしれません 世界保健の公平性への軍事的貢献を高めるには 改善された政策と協力が必要です
科学分野:
- 世界保健
- 軍事医学
- 国際関係
背景:
- 軍事資産を公衆衛生のイニシアチブに活用する 世界的な意思の増大
- 軍隊は医療専門知識,物流,監視,セキュリティを含む多様な能力を提供しています.
- 現存する軍事介入の枠組みは しばしば不十分です
研究 の 目的:
- 世界保健における軍隊の役割,責任,アプローチをまとめます.
- 世界保健の文脈で軍事能力と限界を分析する.
- 世界保健の軍事-民間協力の強化のための政策勧告を特定する.
主な方法:
- 平和時,紛争時,災害時における様々なケーススタディのレビュー
- 世界的な健康問題に対応する軍事能力の分析
- 軍事目標と世界保健の公平性との潜在的な対立を検証する.
主要な成果:
- 軍隊は物流,輸送,研究,医療支援の 重要な資産を所有しています
- 軍事的安全保障の任務と グローバルな健康平等の目標の間の差異は 課題を提示しています
- 明確なガイドラインと 構造的な関与の機会がないことが 効果的な協力を妨げています
結論:
- 世界保健への軍事的関与は 人道的目的との潜在的な紛争を 慎重に検討する必要があります
- 明確な政策を策定し,軍事組織と民間組織との構造的な対話を促進することが不可欠です.
- 強化されたコラボレーションは,世界の健康成果と公平性に対する軍事的貢献を最適化することができます.
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