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関連する概念動画

What is the Skeletal System?01:02

What is the Skeletal System?

Overview
Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Spongy Bone01:09

Spongy Bone

All bones comprise an outer layer of compact bone, and an interior made up of spongy bone tissue, also called cancellous or trabecular bone. In long bones, spongy bone tissue is mainly found in the interior of the epiphyses (broad ends of the bone).
Spongy bone is more porous, and less dense compared to compact bone. It is composed of concentric lamellae that are arranged irregularly to form the trabecular network. In some bones, the spaces between trabeculae contain red marrow, where...
Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle01:28

Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle

The clinical conditions affecting the skeletal muscle tissue are broadly categorized as musculoskeletal and neuromuscular disorders.
Musculoskeletal disorders
Musculoskeletal disorders involve injuries and conditions affecting the skeletal muscles and associated connective tissues. These disorders can arise from acute biomechanical stresses or chronic overuse and can occur across different age groups. Common injuries include sprains, fractures, and muscular strains, often resulting from...
Degenerative Disc Disease ll: Pathophysiology01:23

Degenerative Disc Disease ll: Pathophysiology

The symptoms of degenerative disc disease arise from a combination of mechanical compression, vascular compromise, and biochemical inflammation, which together disrupt nerve function and produce pain.Mechanical CompressionDisc degeneration reduces height and elasticity, predisposing to herniation of the nucleus pulposus, a major cause of radicular pain. Herniations may be protrusion (bulging with intact annulus), extrusion (nucleus extends beyond disc but remains connected), or sequestration...

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骨粗鬆症

Juliet E Compston1, Michael R McClung2, William D Leslie3

  • 1Department of Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK.

Lancet (London, England)
|January 31, 2019
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

骨粗鬆症の骨折は高齢者に多く見られ,重大な健康問題を引き起こします. ビスフォスフォネートなどの リスク評価と治療の進歩により 骨折の予防策が改善されています

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科学分野:

  • ゲロントロジー
  • 整形外科
  • 薬理学について

背景:

  • 骨粗鬆症に関連した骨折は高齢者 特に55歳以上の女性や65歳以上の男性にとって 懸念が高まっています
  • これらの骨折は 高い罹病率と死亡率と 医療費の増加につながります
  • 最近の研究により 骨折リスクの評価が改善され 治療の選択肢が拡大しました

研究 の 目的:

  • 骨粗鬆症の骨折リスク評価と管理に関する現在の戦略をレビューする.
  • 骨の再吸収と形成を標的とした新しい治療方法について議論する.
  • 現在の骨粗鬆症の治療における課題を強調し,将来の方向性を提案する.

主な方法:

  • 骨粗鬆症,骨折リスク評価,および薬理学的治療に関する現在の文献のレビュー.
  • ビスフォスフォナート,デノスマブ,テリパラチド,アボロパラチドに関する臨床ガイドラインと研究結果の分析
  • 骨粗鬆症の長期的な管理の利点と限界の議論

主要な成果:

  • 骨折リスクアルゴリズムは,臨床的要因と骨のミネラル密度を組み合わせて標準的に行われます.
  • 異なる作用メカニズムを持つ新しい治療法があります
  • ビスホスフォネートまたはデノスマブによる長期 (10年までの) 治療は,高リスクの個人に有益である.
  • 非常に高リスクの患者では,テリパラチドまたはアボラパラチドの短期使用は,抗吸収療法に続くべきである.

結論:

  • 骨粗鬆症の効果的な治療には 長期にわたる個別化された治療戦略が必要です
  • 骨折のリスクが高い人の適切な治療には大きなギャップがあります.
  • 骨折の連絡サービスを導入し,治療の順守を改善することは,将来の管理に不可欠です.