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Nucleic acids02:43

Nucleic acids

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Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning.
DNA and RNA
The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA is the genetic material in all living organisms, ranging from single-celled bacteria to multicellular mammals. It is in the nucleus of eukaryotes and in the organelles, chloroplasts, and mitochondria. In prokaryotes,...
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Nucleic Acids02:43

Nucleic Acids

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Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning.
DNA and RNA
The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA is the genetic material in all living organisms, ranging from single-celled bacteria to multicellular mammals. It is in the nucleus of eukaryotes and in the organelles, chloroplasts, and mitochondria. In prokaryotes,...
50.2K
Polyprotic Acids03:38

Polyprotic Acids

31.9K
Acids are classified by the number of protons per molecule that they can give up in a reaction. Acids such as HCl, HNO3, and HCN that contain one ionizable hydrogen atom in each molecule are called monoprotic acids. Their reactions with water are:
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Amino acids03:42

Amino acids

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Amino acids are the monomers that comprise proteins. Each amino acid has the same fundamental structure, which consists of a central carbon atom, or the alpha (α) carbon, bonded to an amino group (NH2), a carboxyl group (COOH), and to a hydrogen atom. Every amino acid also has another atom or group of atoms bonded to the central atom known as the R group. There are 20 common amino acids present in proteins, each with a different R group. Variation in the amino acid sequence is responsible for...
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Mixtures of Acids03:27

Mixtures of Acids

21.7K
The pH of a solution containing an acid can be determined using its acid dissociation constant and its initial concentration. If a solution contains two different acids, then its pH can be determined using one of several methods depending upon the relative strength of the acids and their dissociation constants.
A Mixture of a Strong Acid and a Weak Acid
In a mixture of a strong acid and a weak acid, the strong acid dissociates completely and becomes a source of almost all the hydronium ions...
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Titration of a Polyprotic Acid02:08

Titration of a Polyprotic Acid

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A polyprotic acid contains more than one ionizable hydrogen and undergoes a stepwise ionization process.  If the acid dissociation constants of the ionizable protons differ sufficiently from each other, then the titration curve for such polyprotic acid generates a distinct equivalence point for each of its ionizable hydrogens. Therefore, titration of a diprotic acid results in the formation of two equivalence points, whereas the titration of a triprotic acid results in the formation of three...
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Kinetic Screening of Nuclease Activity using Nucleic Acid Probes
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酸誘発性,酸生成性,自己増幅性分解性ポリマー

Kali A Miller, Ephraim G Morado, Shampa R Samanta

    Journal of the American Chemical Society
    |January 31, 2019
    PubMed
    まとめ

    新しいポリマーのデザインは 酸で強化された急速な分解を誘発する 割れるユニットを使用しています この自己増強分解ポリマー技術は,高度な材料の応用のために制御された分解とエージェントの放出を提供します.

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    科学分野:

    • ポリマー化学
    • 材料科学
    • 有機化学

    背景:

    • 酸触媒による水解は一般的な化学反応である.
    • ポリマーの制御された分解は様々な用途に不可欠です.
    • 既存の分解性ポリマーは,調節可能または増幅された分解率がない可能性があります.

    研究 の 目的:

    • ポリマー分解のための新しい割れるユニットを導入する.
    • 自己放大分解性ポリマーの新種を開発する.
    • 酸触媒による分解機構と運動を研究する.

    主な方法:

    • 3イオドプロピルアセタールを含むポリマーの合成
    • 分解を研究するための酸触媒水解実験.
    • 分解過程と速度増幅の運動分析

    主要な成果:

    • 3-イオドプロピルアセタル分子は,酸触媒によってHIとアクロレインを効果的に放出する.
    • このユニットを持つポリマーは,酸増強されたシグモイド分解プロファイルを示します.
    • 分解速度が著しく加速し トリガー反応性行動が可能になります

    結論:

    • 3イオドプロピルアセタル分子は,ポリマー分解のシンプルで効果的なトリガーを提供します.
    • この新種の自己増強型分解性ポリマーは 調節可能で加速分解性を示しています
    • この発見により 制御された分解と放出特性を 備えた先進的な材料の開発が 可能になりました