成人神経幹細胞における分化開始は,転写後に制御される
Avni Baser1,2, Maxim Skabkin1, Susanne Kleber1
1Molecular Neurobiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
Nature
|February 1, 2019
まとめ
幹細胞はタンパク質合成を調節することで 差別化を制御する. 幹細胞が神経細胞に 成熟するにつれて 翻訳はより制御され 幹細胞を退去する重要な要因を抑制します
科学分野:
- 分子生物学
- 発達生物学
- 幹細胞生物学
背景:
- 静止性幹細胞は機能のために低タンパク質合成を維持する.
- ニューロンはmRNAを 静かな状態に保存し 迅速な反応をします
- 幹細胞の分化における転写後の調節の役割は不明である.
研究 の 目的:
- 転写後の調節が幹細胞の分化を制御する方法を研究する.
- 幹細胞がニューロンに成熟する過程でタンパク質合成がどのように変化するかを決定する.
- 細胞サイクルの出口と幹を繋ぐメカニズムを特定する.
主な方法:
- 個々のトランスクリプトの翻訳を検証するためにリボタグマウスモデルを使用しました.
- 幹細胞の分化過程におけるタンパク質合成の変化を in vivo で分析した.
- mTORC1が翻訳を制御する役割を評価した.
主要な成果:
- 幹細胞の翻訳は当初無差別であるが,分化過程で調節される.
- 神経性子孫の生成には,幹細胞因子 (SOX2,PAX6) とトランスレーション機構の構成要素のトランスレーション抑制が含まれます.
- mTORC1の活性低下は,ピリミジン豊富なモチーフで濃縮された特定のmRNAの翻訳を選択的にブロックする.
- 幹細胞因子の転写後の抑制と細胞サイクル終了を結びつけるメカニズムを特定した.
結論:
- タンパク質合成は幹細胞の分化時に動的に調節される.
- 幹細胞同一性因子の転写後の抑制は,幹細胞性からの脱出を促進する.
- この研究は,幹細胞の運命を決定するための新しい制御メカニズムを明らかにしています.
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