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腸内T細胞は代謝を調整し,心血管疾患を加速する
Shun He1, Florian Kahles2, Sara Rattik2
1Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. SHE6@mgh.harvard.edu.
Nature
|February 1, 2019
まとめ
腸内の免疫細胞である自然内皮Tリンパ球 (IEL) が代謝を調節する. 肥満や糖尿病などの代謝疾患を予防します 特に高脂肪食の場合です
科学分野:
- 免疫学
- 代謝科学
- 胃腸内科
背景:
- 食物摂取に対する生化学反応の 精密な調節は健康にとって極めて重要です
- 代謝センサーは 栄養素の摂取と中間代謝を 関連付けています
- 免疫細胞は全身代謝を調節する役割を果たします.
研究 の 目的:
- 腸内Tリンパ球 (IEL) が全身代謝を調節する役割を調査する.
- 代謝疾患に対する IEL の影響を決定する.
- IEL がメタボリック・ホメオスタシスを制御するメカニズムを解明する.
主な方法:
- インテグリン β7欠乏症のマウスを利用し,天然のIELを欠いた.
- 代謝反応を研究するために,高脂肪,高糖の食事を与えました.
- IEL媒介の代謝制御におけるGLP-1とその受容体の役割を調査した.
主要な成果:
- 自然なIELが欠如したマウスは,代謝過活性および肥満,高コレステロール血症,高血圧,糖尿病,動脈硬化に対する抵抗を示した.
- IEL不足のマウスの心血管疾患に対する保護はGLP-1に依存していた.
- IELは,ゲートキーパーとしてGLP-1の生物利用性を調節することによって,腸内分泌活性を制御します.
結論:
- 腸内IELは全身代謝の重要な調節因子である.
- IELの欠如は,食事によって引き起こされる代謝疾患に対する保護を与える.
- 現代的な食事では,IEL媒介の代謝制御は有害であり,疾患の発生に寄与する.
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