延伸因子によるRNAポリメラーゼIIによる核細胞転写に関する構造的洞察
Haruhiko Ehara1, Tomoya Kujirai1,2, Yuka Fujino2,3
1RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.
まとめ
トランスクリプション延長因子Elf1とSpt4/5はRNAポリメラーゼII (RNAPII) が核細胞DNAの障壁を克服するのを助けます. これらの要因は,クロマチン経由の転写中にRNAPIIの過程性を高めます.
科学分野:
- 分子生物学
- クロマチンの構造と機能
- 遺伝子転写
背景:
- 染色体DNAは核細胞に詰め込まれていて 転写の障壁として機能します
- ヌクレオソームを通じたRNAポリメラーゼII (RNAPII) による転写には補助因子が必要である.
- これらの要因を理解することは,遺伝子調節メカニズムを明らかにするために不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 転写延長因子 Elf1 と Spt4/5 の核細胞転写における役割を調査する.
- これらの因子がRNAPIIを通過させる分子メカニズムを解明する.
主な方法:
- クリオ電子顕微鏡 (cryo-EM) で,RNAPII延長複合体 (ECs) の構造を決定する.
- Elf1 と Spt4/5 の RNAPII 過程性および一時停止に対する影響を評価する生化学的測定法.
主要な成果:
- Elf1とSpt4/5は協力して核細胞バリアを減らし,RNAPIIのプロセシビティを高めます.
- Cryo-EM構造は,Elf1とSpt4/5がECを再構成し,RNAPIIと核細胞と相互作用することを明らかにします.
- これらの要因は,SHL ((-1) の超螺旋位置でのRNAPIIの進行を促進し,SHL ((-5) の一時停止を抑制する.
結論:
- Elf1とSpt4/5は核体転写障害を克服するために不可欠です.
- 転写延長複合体を再構成し,RNAPII- 核細胞相互作用を調節することによって作用します.
- このメカニズムは,クロマチン関連機能のプラットフォームを維持しながら,効率的な転写を保証します.
さらに関連する動画
関連する概念動画
Transcription Elongation Factors
13.8K
Transcription elongation is a dynamic process that alters depending upon the sequence heterogeneity of the DNA being transcribed. Hence, it is not surprising that the elongation complex's composition also varies along the way while transcribing a gene.
The transcription elongation is regulated via pausing of RNA polymerase on several occasions during transcription. In bacteria, these halts are necessary because the transcription of DNA into mRNA is coupled to the translation of that mRNA...
The transcription elongation is regulated via pausing of RNA polymerase on several occasions during transcription. In bacteria, these halts are necessary because the transcription of DNA into mRNA is coupled to the translation of that mRNA...
13.8K
Transcription Elongation Factors
4.8K
4.8K
Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases
27.0K
RNA Polymerase (RNAP) is conserved in all animals, with bacterial, archaeal, and eukaryotic RNAPs sharing significant sequence, structural, and functional similarities. Among the three eukaryotic RNAPs, RNA Polymerase II is most similar to bacterial RNAP in terms of both structural organization and folding topologies of the enzyme subunits. However, these similarities are not reflected in their mechanism of action.
All three eukaryotic RNAPs require specific transcription factors, of which the...
All three eukaryotic RNAPs require specific transcription factors, of which the...
27.0K
Bacterial RNA Polymerase
32.7K
Unlike eukaryotes, bacteria use a single RNA Polymerase (RNAP) to transcribe all genes. The different subunits of bacterial RNAPhave distinct functions. The multisubunit structure of the bacterial RNAP helps the enzyme to maintain catalytic function, facilitate assembly, interact with DNA and RNA, and self-regulate its activity.
In most genes, the transcription site is a single base present upstream of the coding sequence. Though RNAP is a catalytically efficient enzyme, it does not recognize...
In most genes, the transcription site is a single base present upstream of the coding sequence. Though RNAP is a catalytically efficient enzyme, it does not recognize...
32.7K
Transcription Factors
82.7K
Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
82.7K
RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins
11.0K
Proteins that regulate transcription can do so either via direct contact with RNA Polymerase or through indirect interactions facilitated by adaptors, mediators, histone-modifying proteins, and nucleosome remodelers. Direct interactions to activate transcription is seen in bacteria as well as in some eukaryotic genes. In these cases, upstream activation sequences are adjacent to the promoters, and the activator proteins interact directly with the transcriptional machinery. For example, in...
11.0K


