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の回転は哺乳類の噛み込みとトライボスフェニクモラの機能に不可欠である
Bhart-Anjan S Bhullar1,2, Armita R Manafzadeh3, Juri A Miyamae4,5
1Department of Geology & Geophysics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA. bhart-anjan.bhullar@yale.edu.
Nature
|February 15, 2019
まとめ
初期の哺乳類は シンプルで対称なの回転を用いて噛みつくことが 進化の重要な革新でした この祖先の噛み合いは 半回転を伴うもので 効率的な食品加工と哺乳類の歯の多様化を可能にしました
科学分野:
- 進化生物学
- 古生物学
- 比較解剖学
背景:
- 哺乳類の噛みしめや それに関連する解剖学的特徴は 重要な進化的革新である.
- 重要な特徴は,歯のみの下とトライボスフェニックモラーです.
- これらの適応により の移動性が向上し 食品の加工が効率的にできるようになりました
研究 の 目的:
- 祖先のトライボスフェニック・テリアンの 噛み合いを説明するために
- 哺乳類のの仕組みと進化の起源を推測する
- 哺乳類の早期消化におけるトライボスフェニクモラーの発達と役割を理解する.
主な方法:
- 短尾オポッサム (Monodelphis domestica) の噛み合いの観察と説明は,祖先のセリアンのモデルとして使用された.
- 哺乳類群における下の解剖学とのメカニズムを比較した分析
- 保存された特徴と派生した専門性に基づいた進化史の推論
主要な成果:
- 祖先のセリアンの噛み合いは,を開閉する際に対称な半長軸の回転 (回転と逆転) を含む.
- この回転は ストーム・テリアから受け継がれた モルタル・アンド・ペストル・研磨運動と結びついています
- 類や類のような現代ののサイクルは,二次的なの融合と,の複雑性の減少と関連している.
結論:
- 祖先のセリアンの噛み合いは長軸の回転に大きく依存しており,これは初期の哺乳類と茎セリアンから受け継いだ特徴である.
- 初期の哺乳類は 機械的に消化を開始し 効率的に食べ物を切断し 粉砕することができました
- この効率的な 噛む器系は 今日 観察されている 哺乳類の歯の 膨大な多様性の 基礎となったのです
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