臨界期皮質における局所的な dendritic spiking の神経調節制御
Courtney E Yaeger1, Dario L Ringach1,2, Joshua T Trachtenberg3
1Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Nature
|February 22, 2019
まとめ
早期の脳の発達は 特定の抑制回路に依存し アセチルコリンによって調節され 臨界期間の感覚処理を形作ります この一時的な神経経路は 視覚に不可欠で 年齢とともに閉まります
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 発達生物学
- 感覚 処理
背景:
- 神経回路の発達と情報処理には 重要な時期の 早期の感覚体験が不可欠です
- 感覚インプットに対する皮質の感受性とその年齢に依存する減少のメカニズムは,まだ十分に理解されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- 視覚発達の重要な時期における dendritic 活動の形成における抑制回路の役割を調査する.
- 双眼の可塑性におけるソマトスタチン (SST) を発現する内ニューロンのコレリン調節の機能を解明する.
主な方法:
- マウスの主視野のモデルを使いました
- ソマトスタチン (SST) を発現するインターニューロンとパルバルブミンを発現するインターニューロンに対するアセチルコリンの影響を調査した.
- オプトジェネティック技術を使って SST細胞の活動を操作した
- 双眼受容領域の発達と dendritic 活動を評価した.
主要な成果:
- 臨界期間のコレリン信号はSST内ニューロンを刺激し,ピラミッド細胞を抑制し,デンドリットと体活性を増強する.
- このコレリン反応は成人期に減少し,分断された dendritic 反応の喪失につながります.
- オプトジェネティックなSST細胞の活性化により,成人の dendritic反応が回復し, 臨界期間の抑制は双眼の発達を阻害する.
結論:
- SST細胞の一時的なホルモン調節は,体内無抑制と分断された dendritic spikingを含む主要な神経可塑性特性をオーケストラします.
- この調節の喪失は 感覚の発達における 臨界期を閉じる上で 重要な要因となるかもしれません
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