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cGAS経路の主要な機能は,STINGトラフィックによる自己消化誘導である
Xiang Gui1, Hui Yang1, Tuo Li1
1Department of Molecular Biology, Center for Inflammation Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.
Nature
|March 8, 2019
まとめ
インターフェロン遺伝子 (STING) のサイクルGMP- AMP (cGAMP) 合成酵素 (cGAS) 刺激経路は,細胞の浄化プロセスであるオートファギーを活性化します. このオートファギーの誘導は細胞塩基DNAとウイルスの除去に不可欠です.
科学分野:
- 免疫学
- 細胞生物学
- 分子生物学
背景:
- サイクルGMP- AMP (cGAMP) 合成酵素 (cGAS) 経路は,細胞DNAを検出し,STING活性化によって免疫反応を開始する.
- STINGの活性化により,TBK1キナーゼの活性化によってインターフェロンの生成が起こります.
研究 の 目的:
- インターフェロン誘導以外の STINGの役割を調査する
- STINGがオートファギーを調節するメカニズムを解明する.
主な方法:
- ERGICとGolgiへのSTING移転を調査した.
- LC3の脂化とオートファゴソームの生殖を評価した.
- 遺伝子ノックアウトと 特定の経路阻害剤を使った
- 海洋アネモンの STING機能を調べた
主要な成果:
- STINGはTBK1とインターフェロンシグナル伝達とは独立してオートファギーを活性化します.
- STINGはERGIC/Golgiに移動し,オートファゴソーム形成のための膜を提供します.
- cGAMP誘発のオートファギーは,ULKやVPS34複合体ではなく,WIPI2とATG5を必要とします.
- cGAMPによって誘発されたオートファギーは,細胞DNAとウイルスのクリアリングに役立ちます.
結論:
- STINGのシグナル伝達は,インターフェロン誘導とオートファギーの活性化という二重の役割を持っています.
- STINGによるオートファギーの誘導は,潜在的にインターフェロン反応より前の進化的に保存された機能です.
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