癌を患っているすべての子どもたちのための科学と健康
Catherine G Lam1,2, Scott C Howard2,3,4, Eric Bouffet4,5
1Departments of Global Pediatric Medicine and Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA. catherine.lam@stjude.org.
まとめ
幼児がんの生存率は,高所得国 (HIC) と比べて,低中所得国 (LMIC) で著しく低い. 世界保健機関 (WHO) と一致する LMIC の小児がんの治療結果を改善できるグローバルパートナーシップ
科学分野:
- 小児腫瘍学
- 世界保健
- ガン 流行病学
背景:
- 世界中で毎年約42万9000人の子供と青少年 (0~19歳) が癌と診断されています.
- 高所得国 (HIC) の生存率は80%を超え,低中所得国 (LMIC) の生存率は30%以下である.
- HICは,学際的なケア,研究,ジェネリック医薬品,リスクの階層化によって高い生存率を達成します.
研究 の 目的:
- HICとLMICの間の子供のがん生存のギャップを強調する
- 最低所得国における小児がんの改善のための戦略を提案する.
- 世界保健機関 (WHO) が定めた2030年までに生存率を60%に
主な方法:
- HICとLMICにおける小児がん生存率の比較分析
- HICで実施された治療・ケア戦略の評価
- LMICにおける主要な課題の特定 診断の遅延や治療の中止など
主要な成果:
- HIC (> 80%) とLMIC (< 30%) の間の5年生存率は,大きく異なっている.
- HICで確立された多学科のケアと研究モデルは,より良い結果をもたらします.
- LMICは,小児がん患者の生存に影響を与える重大な障害に直面しています.
結論:
- 低所得国における小児がん治療の改善には グローバル・コラボレーション・パートナーシップが不可欠です
- 効果的な治療法を地元の資源に適応させ システム的な問題に取り組むことが不可欠です
- 2030年までに60%の生存率を達成するには,国際的に集中した努力が必要です.
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