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食事中のコレステロールや卵の摂取が心血管疾患と死亡率との関連
Victor W Zhong1, Linda Van Horn1, Marilyn C Cornelis1
1Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.
JAMA
|March 16, 2019
まとめ
食事中のコレステロールと卵の摂取量は,心血管疾患 (CVD) のリスクと死亡率の増加と関連しています. これらの発見は,公衆衛生のためにコレステロールと卵の摂取に関する食事ガイドラインを再検討する必要性を示唆しています.
科学分野:
- 栄養学
- 心血管の健康
- 流行病学について
背景:
- 卵に多く含まれている食事中のコレステロールは,心臓血管疾患 (CVD) と死亡率との関連が議論されている一般的な栄養素です.
- 食中のコレステロール,卵の摂取,心血管疾患,死亡率との関連に関する以前の研究は,議論の余地のある結果をもたらしました.
研究 の 目的:
- 食事によるコレステロール摂取と卵の摂取が心血管疾患と全因死亡率との関連を調査する.
- 投与量と反応の関係と,これらの食事要因が心血管の健康結果に与える影響を分析する.
主な方法:
- 対象となった29,615人の米国人グループから得られた個人データ (1985年−2016年) をまとめました.
- 食事中のコレステロール (mg/日) と卵の消費 (数/日) に焦点を当てた自己報告の食事データの標準化.
- 人口統計,社会経済,行動要因を考慮して調整されたハザード比 (HR) とインシデントCVDおよび全因死亡率の絶対リスク差 (ARD)
主要な成果:
- 食事中のコレステロールの摂取量 (300 mg) は,心血管疾患 (HR,1.17) と全因死亡率 (HR,1.18) の増加と関連していました.
- 一日半個の卵を摂取すると,心血管疾患のリスク (HR,1. 06) と全因死亡率 (HR,1. 08) が有意に増加した.
- 食事中のコレステロール摂取量を調整したところ,卵の摂取とCVD/死亡率の関連性はもはや有意ではなく,コレステロールが主な要因であることを示した.
結論:
- 食事中のコレステロールと卵の摂取量増加は,投与量に応じて,米国成人におけるCVDの発生リスクと全因死亡率の上昇と関連しています.
- これらの発見は,ダイエットガイドラインと公衆衛生上の勧告において,食事中のコレステロールと卵の摂取を考慮することの重要性を強調しています.
- この研究は,食中のコレステロールが心臓血管の健康と全体的な死亡率に及ぼす重大な影響を強調しています.
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