超ゆっくり広がるモーンズ・リッジの深層電気画像
Ståle Emil Johansen1, Martin Panzner2, Rune Mittet2
1Department of Geoscience and Petroleum, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway. stale.johansen@ntnu.no.
Nature
|March 22, 2019
まとめ
磁気画像はマントルの上昇と 溶け方を示しています これは,地殻の厚さは,以前のモデルではなく,融解する岩の量によって制御されていることを示唆しています.
科学分野:
- 地理学
- 海洋学
- 構造学
背景:
- 超低速 (<20 mm/年) に広がる山脊には深層画像データがないため,マントルの上流,溶融,石層とアステノスフィアの境界 (LAB),地殻の厚さ,水熱の噴出に関する理解が困難である.
- 以前の電磁学的研究は,急速に広がる山脊に焦点を当て, 超ゆっくりと広がるシステムを未熟にしました.
- 現存する地殻の厚さと広がる速度の相関に関するモデルは,超低速ので観測された薄い地殻を完全に説明できません.
研究 の 目的:
- 先進的な電磁学的方法を使用して,超低速に広がる山脊の深い地質学的プロセスを調査する.
- モーンズ・リッジにおけるマントルの上流,溶融分布,および電気LAB (eLAB) を理解する.
- 地殻の厚さと水熱システムのダイナミクスを説明するモデルを精錬する.
主な方法:
- 詳細な120km深の電磁気関節の逆転モデル
- 制御された電磁源 (CSEM) と磁電流 (MT) のデータの統合.
- 電気的なLAB (eLAB) を定義するための抵抗性の輪郭の分析.
主要な成果:
- マントルの上流は,狭い,斜め,不対称なゾーンに沿って集中し,おそらく被動プレート運動によって駆動されます.
- アステノスフィアと溶融はモホロヴィチク不連続まで広がり,eLAB (100オームメートル) に包まれています.
- 薄い地殻は溶融する岩石の量によって説明され,活発な溶融はロキの城のような水熱システムに燃料を与えるマグマ室を形成します.
結論:
- eLABは,最小溶解量によって定義されたレオロジック境界を表すことができる.
- 表面の厚さは,融解する岩の量によって直接制御されます.
- 広範囲にわたる地殻中部の流体コンベクションシステムは,非常にゆっくりと広がる山脊で長寿の水熱気流を促進する可能性があります.
関連する概念動画
Spreading of Chromatin Modifications
9.4K
The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
Writers
The writer...
Writers
The writer...
9.4K
Determining Electric Field From Electric Potential
5.0K
The electric field and electric potential are related to each other. If the electric field at various points in the region of interest is known, it can be used to calculate the electric potential difference between any two points. Similarly, if the electric potential is known for various points, then it is possible to calculate the electric field.
In general, regardless of whether the electric field is uniform, it points in the direction of decreasing potential because the force on a positive...
In general, regardless of whether the electric field is uniform, it points in the direction of decreasing potential because the force on a positive...
5.0K
Finding Electric Potential From Electric Field
5.5K
For a system of charges, it is easy to calculate the system's potential because potential is a scalar quantity. However, in some instances where calculating the electric field is more straightforward than finding the potential, the electric field is used to calculate the system's potential. For a positive charge, the electric field is radially outward, and the potential is positive at any finite distance from the positive charge. In such an electric field, the motion away from the...
5.5K
Electric Potential Energy in a Uniform Electric Field
6.4K
When an electric field accelerates a free positive charge, it acquires kinetic energy. This process is analogous to an object being accelerated by a gravitational field as if the charge were going down an electrical hill where its electric potential energy is converted into kinetic energy, although, of course, the sources of the forces are very different. The electrostatic or Coulomb force acting on the positive test charge is conservative, which means that the work done on a test charge is...
6.4K
Electrical Energy
1.8K
Using electric appliances for a longer period of time consumes more electrical energy and results in a higher electric bill. The energy produced by the transfer of electrons from one point to another is known as electrical energy. If power is delivered at a constant rate, the electrical energy can be defined as the product of power used by the device for a period of time. The energy unit on electric bills is the kilowatt-hour, where one kilowatt-hour is equivalent to 3.6 × 106 joules.
1.8K
Electrical Conductivity
1.8K
In perfect conductors, the electric field inside is always zero due to the abundance of free electrons, which nullify any field by flowing. As a result, any residual charge resides on the surface.
In a practical conductor, an applied electric field may be sustained, causing a flow of electrons, which produce a current. The differential form of the current, the current density, is related to the electric field.
More generally, it is related to the force per unit charge, which involves the...
In a practical conductor, an applied electric field may be sustained, causing a flow of electrons, which produce a current. The differential form of the current, the current density, is related to the electric field.
More generally, it is related to the force per unit charge, which involves the...
1.8K


