まとめ
授乳と感染症に関する研究のほとんどは,科学的厳密さが欠けている. 方法論的に健全な研究は,工業国における感染症に対する保護効果が最小であることを示唆しています.
科学分野:
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- 小児科は小児科です.
背景:
- 哺乳は乳児を感染症から守るためだと広く考えられている.
- しかし,この主張を支持する研究の科学的妥当性と一般化性は,徹底的な評価を必要とします.
研究 の 目的:
- 授乳と感染症との関連を調査する研究の方法論的質を評価する.
- 堅実な科学的証拠に基づいて,母乳育児が感染から保護する程度を決定する.
主な方法:
- 哺乳と感染症に関する20件の研究 (14コホート,6症例対照) の体系的なレビューと品質評価.
- 科学的妥当性および一般化可能性を含む方法論的基準の分析.
- 家族の大きさ,母親の喫煙,母親の教育などの混同変数の検討.
主要な成果:
- 20件中6件のみが3つまたは4つの主要な方法論的基準を満たした.
- 厳格に実施されたこれらの研究のうち,2つでは母乳育児の保護効果が認められ,4つでは有意な保護効果が認められなかった.
- 混同要因 (家族規模,母親の喫煙,教育) の統計的調整により,いくつかの研究で呼吸器感染症に対する明らかな保護効果は排除されました.
結論:
- 授乳と感染症の関連性を調査したほとんどの研究では,重要な方法論的欠陥があり,結果が損なわれる可能性がある.
- 高度な方法論的基準を遵守し,混同因子を制御する研究は,母乳育児が工業国における感染症に対する最低限の保護を提供することを示しています.
さらに関連する動画
08:12Isolation of Leukocytes from Human Breast Milk for Use in an Antibody-dependent Cellular Phagocytosis Assay of HIV Targets
Published on: September 6, 2019
13:00Intranasal Immunization and Milk Collection in Studies of Maternal Immunization in New Zealand White Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
Published on: July 31, 2021
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