中緯度の純降水量は,ホロセーン期の北極温暖化とともに減少した
Cody C Routson1, Nicholas P McKay2, Darrell S Kaufman2
1School of Earth and Sustainability, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA. cody.routson@nau.edu.
Nature
|March 29, 2019
まとめ
ホロセンの間,赤道から極地までの気温の傾きが弱く,中緯度の降水量が減少した. 現在の温暖化傾向は,この弱体化グラデントによる将来の水資源の減少を示唆しています.
科学分野:
- 古代気候学
- 大気科学
- 気候モデリング
背景:
- 緯度温度グラデーションは大気の安定性,ジェットストリームの強さ,サイクロンの活動に不可欠です.
- 地球温暖化が北半球の年間表面温度グラデーションを弱めているのは,高緯度の温暖化による.
- これらの変化が中緯度の気候に与える影響は十分に理解されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- ホロセンの緯度温度グラデーションと中緯度純降雨の関係を調査する.
- 過去の気候動態と 現在の温暖化傾向を比較するためです
主な方法:
- ホロセンの古気候記録のまとめ (10°Sから90°Nまで)
- 中 Holocene 気候モデルシミュレーションの分析.
- 温度グラデーションと中緯度湿度の進化の定量化
主要な成果:
- ホロセンの初期から中期にかけてのより弱い緯度温度グラデーションは,中緯度における純降水量の減少と相関していた.
- このパターンは,より弱い温度グラデーションが,西側の流れ,より弱いサイクロン,より少ない降水につながることを示唆しています.
- 現在の高緯度温暖化により 赤道から極地への傾斜は ホロセーン時代に観測されたレベルに低下しています
結論:
- ホロセンのデータは,より弱い温度グラデーションと,中緯度の降水量の減少との関連を示しています.
- 現在の温暖化がホロセンのパターンをたどれば,中緯度の水資源の減少が予想されます.
- 過去の気候の動態を理解することで 将来の気候変動の影響を把握できます
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