2000年から2015年のサハラ以南アフリカにおける住居の変化をマッピング
Lucy S Tusting1, Donal Bisanzio2,3, Graham Alabaster4
1Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK. lucy.tusting@lshtm.ac.uk.
Nature
|March 29, 2019
まとめ
サハラ以南のアフリカでは 2000年から2015年の間に 住居の改善が2倍に増えましたが まだ何百万人もの人々が 住居の不適切な状態で暮らしています この研究は,将来の開発努力を導くために,住宅の質をマッピングします.
科学分野:
- 世界保健
- 都市計画
- 持続可能な開発
背景:
- 適切な住居は基本的人権であり,国連の持続可能な開発目標の1つです.
- アフリカは最も深刻な住居需要に直面し 2050年までに人口が倍増すると予測されています
- アフリカの住居に関するデータは 稀で 主に都市部に特化したもので 国内レベルでのデータも多くあります
研究 の 目的:
- 2000年から2015年の間にサハラ以南のアフリカの住居環境の変化を定量化する.
- 高解像度で標準化された住宅品質の見積もりを都市部と農村部で提供する.
- 住居対策の進捗状況を監視し,指針を定めるための基準を確立する.
主な方法:
- 国家調査データを地理統計の枠組みの中で組み合わせる.
- 水道,衛生,生活空間,建築材料などの住宅改善の定量化
- 標準化された高解像度の住居条件の地図の開発
主要な成果:
- サハラ以南のアフリカでは 2000年から2015年の間に 改善された住宅の普及率が11%から23%に倍増しました
- 改善にもかかわらず,5300万人の都市部アフリカ人 (47%) は2015年に改善されていない住宅に住んでいました.
- 都市部と農村部の両方で住居の質の大きな変化が観察されました.
結論:
- サハラ以南のアフリカでは 住居の質が著しく改善されていますが 特に都市部では 課題が残っています
- この研究は,住宅の動態を理解し,政策を明示するための重要なデータを提供します.
- 地図は持続可能な開発目標に沿った介入のための重要なツールとして機能します.
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