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ナトリウム食欲のための神経回路の化学感知調節
Sangjun Lee1, Vineet Augustine1, Yuan Zhao1
1Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
Nature
|March 29, 2019
まとめ
科学者はマウスのナトリウム摂取を 制御する特定の脳の回路を特定しました 味覚信号はこれらの回路を素早く抑制し,食欲を満たし,ナトリウムバランスを維持します.
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 生理学
- 行動科学
背景:
- ナトリウムは細胞外液体のバランスと生理学的機能に不可欠です.
- ナトリウム不足は味の価値を高め,消費を促し,口腔検出は食欲を迅速に満たします.
- 化学感覚に基づく食欲調節の神経機構は完全に理解されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- 味覚と内部枯渇信号を統合することによって,ナトリウム摂取を制御する神経回路を特定する.
- プロディノルフィン発現ニューロンのプレロカス・コエルーレウスにおけるナトリウム食欲の役割を調査する.
- ナトリウム食欲の飽和の神経基礎を明らかにする.
主な方法:
- ネズミの神経回路の遺伝子識別
- 神経群のインビヴォ光学記録と刺激/抑制
- 逆行性のウイルスを追跡して ニューラルインプットを特定する
- 胃への注入で 味と摂取の違いを判断する
主要な成果:
- プロディノルフィンを発現するプレロカス・コエルーレウスの刺激性ニューロンのサブセットは,ナトリウム摂取に不可欠である.
- これらのニューロンの刺激はナトリウム摂取を誘発し,抑制はそれを減少させた.
- 経口でのナトリウム検知は これらのニューロンを素早く抑制し 飽和を引き起こしました
- ストリア・ターミナリスの床核にあるGABA産生ニューロンは,抑制信号を介して感覚調節を媒介する.
結論:
- 化学感知信号と内部のナトリウムバランスのニーズを統合する神経構造が明らかになった.
- プレロカス・コエルーレウスのプロディノルフィンニューロンは,ナトリウム食欲の鍵となる基質として作用する.
- 味覚信号は 摂り込みそのものではなく 抑制神経経路によって媒介される 急速な飽和に不可欠です
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