運動タスクの実行と学習における共有の皮質-小脳ダイナミクス

Mark J Wagner¹, Tony Hyun Kim², Jonathan Kadmon³

¹Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.

Cell

|April 2, 2019

まとめ

層5のピラミッド (L5) から小脳粒細胞 (GrC) への経路の神経動態は,運動学習中に似ている. この皮質と小脳間のコミュニケーションはニューラル活動パターンを共有し性能を向上させます

科学分野:

神経科学
システム神経科学
モーターコントロール

背景:

哺乳類の新皮質,特に層5のピラミッド細胞 (L5) は,ポーン経由で小脳粒細胞 (GrCs) に発射され,重要な神経経路を形成する.
このL5→GrC経路によるニューロンのダイナミクスの変換は,ほとんど未調査のままである.

研究の目的:

運動学習中に L5→GrC 経路を通して神経のダイナミクスがどのように変換されるかを調査する.
前肢の動きの過程で L5 細胞と GrC の神経活動パターンを比較する.

主な方法:

前肢の動きのタスク中にマウスの前運動L5とGrCの活動を直接比較するために,ダブルサイト2フォトンカルシウムイメージングが使用されました.
慢性画像は学習の過程で神経動力の出現を観察するために使用されました.

主要な成果:

専門的なマウスでは,L5とGrCの神経動態は,タスクのエンコーディングパターンと応答の多様性を共有し,驚くべき類似性を示しました.
L5細胞内の局所的な相関に匹敵する,L5とGrCの活動との間に高い相関が観察されました.
学習の過程で,最初は異なるL5とGrCのダイナミクスは,行動性能が向上するにつれて,共有され,低次元のタスクコーディングパターンに収束しました.

結論:

皮質-小脳コミュニケーションの重要な機能は,運動学習中に現れる共有神経動力の伝播です.
L5→GrC経路は,皮質と小脳活動の収束を促進し,精密な運動制御をサポートします.

キーワード:

脳の状態小脳寸法拡大粒子の細胞レイヤ5 運動学習移動計画新皮質ポンチン核報酬

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