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  3. 1961年から2016年までの世界の氷河の質量変化と海面上昇への貢献
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  3. 1961年から2016年までの世界の氷河の質量変化と海面上昇への貢献

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1961年から2016年までの世界の氷河の質量変化と海面上昇への貢献

M Zemp1, M Huss2,3, E Thibert4

  • 1Department of Geography, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. michael.zemp@geo.uzh.ch.

Nature
|April 10, 2019

PubMed で要約を見る

まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

主要な氷床の外の氷河は海面上昇に大きく貢献し,加速した速度で質量を失っています. この氷河の融解は 予想以上に世界の海面に 影響を及ぼし 今世紀には 絶滅の危機に瀕している地域もあります

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科学分野:

  • 氷河学 と 気候 科学
  • 地球システム科学
  • 凍り付いた宇宙の研究

背景:

  • グリーンランドと南極の氷床を除く氷河は,広大な地域をカバーし,かなりの量の水を保持しています.
  • 氷河の退去は 気候変動の重要な指標で 地域の水資源と世界の海面に影響を与えています
  • これまでの質量変化の見積もりは,局所データと衛星観測から得られたもので,データ不足と空間表現の課題に直面していた.

研究 の 目的:

  • 氷河の質量バランスと世界の海面上昇への寄与に関する最新の見積もりを提供すること.
  • 氷河の質量損失率の理解を洗練するために,高度なエキストラポレーション方法を使用します.
  • 氷河の大量減少と 氷床の大量減少と 海面上昇を比較する

主な方法:

  • 氷河学と地質学的観測の抽象化
  • 2006年から2016年までの地域の質量変化率の分析
  • 数百の氷河からのデータと地域面積の推定を統合した.

主要な成果:

  • 氷河は1961年から2016年の間に世界の平均海面上昇に27 ± 22ミリメートルを貢献しました.
  • 最近の質量損失率 (2006年−2016年) は,年間−0.1~1.2メートルの水当量です.
  • これは 335 ± 144ギガトン (0.92 ± 0.39 mm/年) の年間海面貢献に相当し,以前報告されたよりも潜在的に高い.

    • 結論:

    • 氷河の質量減少は 海面上昇の大きな要因で 潜在的に過小評価されています
    • 氷河の質量減少率は グリーンランドの氷床に匹敵し 南極の氷床を上回ります
    • 2100年以降の海面上昇に寄与する.