ベンゾラドレンのメカノフォール:合成,ポリメリゼーション,メカノ化学的変換
Jinghui Yang1, Maggie Horst1, Joseph A H Romaniuk1
1Department of Chemistry , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , United States.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|April 11, 2019
まとめ
新しいベンゾラドレンのモノメアは,機械的な力によって結合物質に変換するポリマーのスケーラブルな合成を可能にします. この機械化学的アプローチは,ポリアセチレン以外の新しい結合ポリマーへのより簡単な経路を提供します.
科学分野:
- ポリマー化学
- 材料科学
- 機械化学
背景:
- ポリメカノフォールであるポリラドレンは,機械的な力によって再配置され,半導体ポリアセチレンを形成します.
- 新しいメカノフォアシステムの開発は,力に反応する材料の作成に不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 新しいベンゾラドレンの合成を報告する
- これらの新しいモノメアのポリメリゼーションと 機械化学的変換を調査する.
- ポリアセチレン以外の結合ポリマーを 機械化学的アプローチで生成する.
主な方法:
- ベンゾラドレンの単体合成をスケーラブルに
- ホモポリマーとブロックコポリマーを生成するためのリング開きメタテシスポリマー化 (ROMP).
- 結合の再編成を誘導する超音波による機械化学的変換.
主要な成果:
- ベンゾラデレンの成功した合成
- 低分散性のポリ (ベンゾラドレン) ホモポリマーとブロックコポリマーの制御された合成.
- 非結合型ポリ・ベンゾラドレンの機械化学的変換により,最大45%の結合型ポリ・フェニレン・ヘクサトリエニレンになる.
- 以前のシステムと比較してよりアクセシブルな合成経路の実証.
結論:
- ベンゾラドレンは,合成のアクセシビリティが向上したメカニコフォール単体の一種である.
- 機械化学的変換は,結合ポリマーを生成するための効率的な方法を提供します.
- この研究は,機械化学的に生成された結合ポリマーの範囲をポリアセチレンを超えて拡大します.
関連する概念動画
01:33Bacterial Transformation
59.5K
In 1928, bacteriologist Frederick Griffith worked on a vaccine for pneumonia, which is caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria. Griffith studied two pneumonia strains in mice: one pathogenic and one non-pathogenic. Only the pathogenic strain killed host mice.
Griffith made an unexpected discovery when he killed the pathogenic strain and mixed its remains with the live, non-pathogenic strain. Not only did the mixture kill host mice, but it also contained living pathogenic bacteria that...
Griffith made an unexpected discovery when he killed the pathogenic strain and mixed its remains with the live, non-pathogenic strain. Not only did the mixture kill host mice, but it also contained living pathogenic bacteria that...
59.5K
01:16Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP)
3.1K
Ring-opening metathesis polymerization or ROMP involves strained cycloalkenes as starting materials. The mechanism of ROMP proceeds by reacting cycloalkene with Grubbs catalyst to give metallacyclobutane intermediate which undergoes a ring-opening reaction to form new carbene. The new carbene reacts with another molecule of cycloalkene. Repetition of these steps leads to the formation of an unsaturated open-chain polymer product. All these steps are reversible, however, relieving the ring...
3.1K
01:42Actin Polymerization
8.4K
Actin polymerization occurs through the head-to-tail association of binding sites on monomeric actin or G-actin to form filamentous or F-actin. The polymerization can be divided into three phases ̶ nucleation, elongation, and steady-state phase.
The nucleation phase involves forming a stable nucleus consisting of three actin monomers to form a new actin filament. Actin-binding proteins such as formins and Arp2/3 complex help filament growth post-nucleation. The Formins form straight...
The nucleation phase involves forming a stable nucleus consisting of three actin monomers to form a new actin filament. Actin-binding proteins such as formins and Arp2/3 complex help filament growth post-nucleation. The Formins form straight...
8.4K
01:15Dehydration Synthesis
149.2K
Overview
Dehydration synthesis (also called a condensation reaction) is the chemical process in which two molecules covalently link together to form a new molecule, along with the release of a water molecule. Many physiologically important compounds form by dehydration synthesis reactions, such as complex carbohydrates, proteins, DNA, and RNA.
Synthesis of carbohydrates
Sugar molecules are covalently linked together by dehydration synthesis. During the reaction, the hydroxyl (-OH) group from...
Dehydration synthesis (also called a condensation reaction) is the chemical process in which two molecules covalently link together to form a new molecule, along with the release of a water molecule. Many physiologically important compounds form by dehydration synthesis reactions, such as complex carbohydrates, proteins, DNA, and RNA.
Synthesis of carbohydrates
Sugar molecules are covalently linked together by dehydration synthesis. During the reaction, the hydroxyl (-OH) group from...
149.2K
01:26Transformation
808
Microbial communities are dynamic environments where cell lysis releases free DNA into the surroundings. Other cells can take up this extracellular DNA through a process known as transformation.When a cell incorporates this foreign DNA into its genome, resulting in genetic modification, the process is known as transformation. Cells capable of this process are termed competent. Competence can be natural, as observed in certain bacteria and archaea, or artificially induced in the...
808
01:26Transformers
1.8K
A device that transforms voltages from one value to another using induction is called a transformer. A transformer consists of two separate coils, or windings, wrapped around the same soft iron core. However, they are electrically insulated from each other.
The iron core has a substantial relative permeability. Therefore, the magnetic field lines generated due to the current in one winding are almost entirely confined within the core, such that the same magnetic flux permeates each turn of both...
The iron core has a substantial relative permeability. Therefore, the magnetic field lines generated due to the current in one winding are almost entirely confined within the core, such that the same magnetic flux permeates each turn of both...
1.8K