関連する実験動画

Updated: Jan 26, 2026

Principles of Rodent Surgery for the New Surgeon

Principles of Rodent Surgery for the New Surgeon

Published on: January 6, 2011

手術後の不適切なオピオイドの処方

Mark D Neuman¹, Brian T Bateman², Hannah Wunsch³

¹Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Perelman School of Medicine and Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Lancet (London, England)

|April 16, 2019

まとめ

手術後の過剰な処方オピオイドの使用は公衆衛生上の大きな懸念事項であり,誤用と中毒に寄与しています. このレビューでは,過度処方傾向,予測要因,安全な痛みの管理を保証し,同時に害を減らすための戦略を検証します.

科学分野:

公衆衛生
痛みの管理
薬理学について

背景:

世界的に処方されたオピオイドの鎮痛剤の使用は 2001年から2013年にかけて2倍以上になりました
オピオイド乱用の流行はアメリカ,カナダ,オーストラリアなどで蔓延しています
手術後の過剰なオピオイドの処方箋は重要な公衆衛生問題でありオピオイドの乱用の潜在的要因です

研究の目的:

手術後の痛みに対するオピオイドの処方薬使用の進化を米国,カナダ,その他の国々で検討する.
手術後のオピオイドの過剰処方に関する証拠をまとめます
オピオイド過剰処方とオピオイド乱用とオピオイド乱用との関連を調べる

主な方法:

手術後の痛みに対する処方オピオイドの使用に関する既存の文献のレビュー
過剰処方パターンとその結果に関する証拠のまとめ
処方に影響を与える患者,医師,およびシステムレベルの要因の議論
現在の臨床的介入と政策の概要

主要な成果:

世界的に処方されたオピオイド鎮痛剤の使用が著しく増加しています.
手術後の過剰処方とオピオイド乱用や障害のリスクの増加との関連が示唆されています
特定された患者,医師,およびシステムレベルの予測要因は過剰な処方に寄与する.
痛みを管理しながら過剰処方を抑えるために様々な臨床的,政策的な取り組みが進められています.

結論:

手術後のオピオイドの過剰処方が進行中のオピオイド危機の重要な要因です
予測要因を理解することは標的型介入の開発に不可欠です
オピオイド依存を減らすことと効果的な疼痛管理のバランスを取ることは公衆衛生にとって不可欠です

さらに関連する動画

Endoscopic Cholesteatoma Surgery

Endoscopic Cholesteatoma Surgery

Published on: January 19, 2022

Survivable Stereotaxic Surgery in Rodents

Survivable Stereotaxic Surgery in Rodents

Published on: October 6, 2008

関連する概念動画

Opioid Analgesics: Synthetic and Semisynthetic Opioids

Opioid Analgesics: Synthetic and Semisynthetic Opioids

Synthetic and semisynthetic opioids are pivotal in pain management and tackling opioid addiction. Semisynthetic opioids, including morphinans (morphine derivatives), oxycodone, oxymorphone, hydrocodone, and hydromorphone, have improved pharmacokinetic profiles compared to morphine. Additionally, heroin and 6-MAM (6-Monoacetylmorphine) show better CNS penetration than morphine due to heightened lipid solubility. Hydromorphone, a potent opioid, undergoes hepatic metabolism to form the active...

Opioid Receptors: Overview

Opioid Receptors: Overview

Opioid receptors, including the mu (μ, MOR), delta (δ, DOR), and kappa (κ, KOR) types, belong to the rhodopsin family of G protein-coupled receptors. These receptors are located throughout the central and peripheral nervous systems and in non-neuronal tissues such as macrophages and astrocytes. Opioid receptor ligands can be categorized into agonists or antagonists. Highly selective agonists include [d-Ala2, MePhe4, Gly(ol)5]-enkephalin or DAMGO for MOR, [D-Pen2,...

Prescription, Nonprescription and Orphan Drugs

Prescription, Nonprescription and Orphan Drugs

Prescription drugs require a prescription from a medical practitioner and can only be obtained from a pharmacy. They have many applications, including treating pain, anxiety, and hypertension.
The misuse and addiction to prescription drugs is a growing problem that can affect people of all age groups, specifically teenagers. This can happen when prescription medications are used in ways not intended by the prescriber, such as taking someone else's prescription or using medication for...

Opioid Analgesics: Morphine and Other Natural Cogeners

Opioid Analgesics: Morphine and Other Natural Cogeners

Opioids are a class of drugs that mimic endogenous opioid peptides and act on opioid receptors, and help in pain relief. These compounds are classified as natural, synthetic, or semi-synthetic. Natural opioids, like morphine, codeine, and thebaine, are derived from the opium poppy plant (Papaver somniferum or Papaver album) and are termed opiates. Synthetic opioids are artificial, while semi-synthetic opioids combine natural and synthetic compounds. Morphine, a prototypical opioid, possesses a...

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Opioids as Antidiarrheal Agents

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Opioids as Antidiarrheal Agents

Diarrhea, a condition marked by frequent loose or watery bowel movements, can be triggered by multiple factors such as viral or bacterial infections, food intolerances, anxiety, medications, and digestive disorders. Symptoms may include abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, and cramping. Severe or prolonged diarrhea can lead to complications like electrolyte imbalances, malnutrition, and dehydration if left untreated.
Opioids, widely used antidiarrheal agents, mitigate diarrhea by slowing down...

Telomeres and Telomerase

Telomeres and Telomerase

In eukaryotic DNA replication, a single-stranded DNA fragment remains at the end of a chromosome after the removal of the final primer. This section of DNA cannot be replicated in the same manner as the rest of the strand because there is no 3’ end to which the newly synthesized DNA can attach. This non-replicated fragment results in gradual loss of the chromosomal DNA during each cell duplication. Additionally, it can induce a DNA damage response by enzymes that recognize single-stranded...