圧力感受性およびオスモライト調節液体相分離眼レンズのγ結晶
Süleyman Cinar1, Hasan Cinar1, Hue Sun Chan2
1Physical Chemistry I - Biophysical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , TU Dortmund , Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a , 44227 Dortmund , Germany.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|April 16, 2019
まとめ
液体液相分離 (LLPS) によって駆動される生物分子凝縮物は,圧力に対して驚くほど敏感です. 深海の生物は,トリメチラミン-N-オキシドのようなオスモライトを使用して,高圧下でこれらの不可欠なタンパク質滴を安定させることができます.
科学分野:
- バイオ物理学
- 細胞生物学
- 生物化学
背景:
- 生物分子の凝縮物は 細胞機能に不可欠で 膜のない臓器細胞として作用します
- 液体-液体相分離 (LLPS) は,凝縮物形成の基礎にある重要な物理的メカニズムです.
- 機能不全のコンデンサは 病的なタンパク質集積に繋がる
研究 の 目的:
- レンズのタンパク質 γ-結晶のLLPSに対する温度と圧力の影響を調査する.
- 生物分子凝縮物の圧力感受性を理解するために
- 圧力下でのタンパク質凝縮物の安定化におけるオスモライトの役割を調査する.
主な方法:
- 紫外線/紫外線および赤外線吸収スペクトル
- 光光譜法
- 光顕微鏡
- メソスコプ的相状態の特徴
主要な成果:
- γ-結晶LLPSは圧力に対して非常に敏感であり,低温で0.1kbarで溶解する.
- この圧力感度は,典型的なタンパク質展開 (~3 kbar) で観察されたものより著しく大きい.
- トリメチラミン- N- オキシド (TMAO) は,凝縮されたγ- 結晶滴の安定性を高めることが判明しました.
結論:
- 高圧環境の生物は,生物分子凝縮物の圧力感受性に適応しなければなりません.
- TMAOのようなオスモライト濃度の上昇は,深海の生物に適応上の優位性を与える可能性があります.
- LLPSに対する圧力の影響を理解することは,生命の起源と原細胞形成に関連しています.
関連する概念動画
Molecular Comparison of Gases, Liquids, and Solids
54.5K
Particles in a solid are tightly packed together (fixed shape) and often arranged in a regular pattern; in a liquid, they are close together with no regular arrangement (no fixed shape); in a gas, they are far apart with no regular arrangement (no fixed shape). Particles in a solid vibrate about fixed positions (cannot flow) and do not generally move in relation to one another; in a liquid, they move past each other (can flow) but remain in essentially constant contact; in a gas, they move...
54.5K
Phase Diagrams
49.9K
A phase diagram combines plots of pressure versus temperature for the liquid-gas, solid-liquid, and solid-gas phase-transition equilibria of a substance. These diagrams indicate the physical states that exist under specific conditions of pressure and temperature and also provide the pressure dependence of the phase-transition temperatures (melting points, sublimation points, boiling points). Regions or areas labeled solid, liquid, and gas represent single phases, while lines or curves represent...
49.9K
Rise of Liquid in a Capillary Tube
3.2K
When very thin cylindrical tubes, called capillaries, are dipped in a liquid, the liquid rises or falls in the tube compared to the surrounding liquid. This phenomenon is called capillary action. Capillary action occurs due to the combination of two opposing forces: the cohesive forces of the liquid, which cause it to stick to itself and form a rounded shape, and the adhesive forces between the liquid and the walls of the container, which cause the liquid to be attracted to the container walls.
3.2K
Deriving the Speed of Sound in a Liquid
931
As with waves on a string, the speed of sound or a mechanical wave in a fluid depends on the fluid's elastic modulus and inertia. The two relevant physical quantities are the bulk modulus and the density of the material. Indeed, it turns out that the relationship between speed and the bulk modulus and density in fluids is the same as that between the speed and the Young's modulus and density in solids.
The speed of sound in fluids can be derived by considering a mechanical wave...
The speed of sound in fluids can be derived by considering a mechanical wave...
931
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Introduction
3.4K
High-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC), formerly referred to as High-pressure liquid chromatography, is a powerful technique used to separate, identify, and quantify components in complex mixtures. The term "high pressure" refers to using high pressure to push the liquid mobile phase through the tightly packed columns.
In HPLC, two phases play a critical role in the separation process:
In HPLC, two phases play a critical role in the separation process:
3.4K
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Instrumentation
2.9K
High-performance liquid chromatography, or HPLC, is an analytical technique that separates liquid samples under high pressures. An HPLC instrument consists of glass bottles for storing solvents called mobile phase reservoirs. HPLC-grade solvents are used to maintain high purity, and the dissolved gases are removed using a degasser, such as a vacuum pumping system or sparging with helium. The solvents are then pumped into the analytical column using a screw-driven syringe or reciprocating pumps.
2.9K


