職場のウェルネス・プログラムの従業員の健康と経済的成果への影響:ランダム化臨床試験

Zirui Song¹, Katherine Baicker^2,3

¹Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston.

JAMA

|April 17, 2019

まとめ

職場でのウェルネスプログラムは従業員の運動と体重管理の行動を改善しましたしかし,臨床的健康指標,医療費,就労結果において,18ヶ月後に有意な変化は見られませんでした.

科学分野:

労働衛生について
医療サービス研究
行動科学

背景:

雇用者は従業員の健康を向上させ医療費を削減するために職場のウェルネスプログラムに投資しています
これらのイニシアチブの有効性を評価する実験的証拠はほとんどありません.

研究の目的:

アメリカで雇い主によって一般的に提供されるような総合的な職場ウェルネスプログラムを評価する.
このようなプログラムの影響に関する実験的証拠を提供すること.

主な方法:

160の職場 (従業員3万2000人以上) を対象としたクラスター化されたランダム化試験が18ヶ月間にわたって実施された.
栄養,身体活動,ストレス軽減を中心に8つのモジュールプログラムが実施されました.
結果には,自己報告された健康行動,臨床健康マーカー,医療費,雇用データが含まれています.

主要な成果:

介入群の従業員は,対照群と比較して,定期的な運動 (69. 8% 対 61. 9%) および積極的な体重管理 (69. 2% 対 54. 7%) を著しく高めた.
27の他の自己報告された健康行動,10の臨床健康マーカー,38の医療支出/利用量,または3の雇用結果において,有意な差異は見つかりませんでした.

結論:

この職場のウェルネスプログラムは,自己報告された健康行動の改善につながりましたが,臨床的健康,医療費,雇用結果には大きな影響はありませんでした.
このようなプログラムの短期的な投資収益性は限られており,さらなる調査が必要とされています.

さらに関連する動画

11:51

Combining Behavioral Endocrinology and Experimental Economics: Testosterone and Social Decision Making

Published on: March 2, 2011

15.6K

09:09

In Silico Clinical Trials for Cardiovascular Disease

Published on: May 27, 2022

2.2K

関連する概念動画

01:16

Clinical Trials

10.2K

Clinical trials are prospective experimental studies conducted on humans to determine the safety and efficacy of treatments, drugs, diet methods, and medical devices. Using statistics in clinical trials enables researchers to derive reasonable and accurate conclusions from the collected data, allowing them to make wise decisions in uncertain situations. In medical research, statistical methods are crucial for preventing errors and bias.
There are four phases in a clinical trial. A phase one...

10.2K

01:11

Clinical Trials: Overview

4.7K

Clinical development focuses on how the drug will interact with the human body and encompasses four key phases of clinical trials, each serving a specific purpose in assessing the safety and effectiveness of new drugs. These phases overlap and build upon one another. Phase I involves a small group of healthy volunteers (typically 20-80 individuals) or, in cases where significant toxicity is expected, patients with the targeted disease, such as cancer or AIDS. The volunteers are tested for...

4.7K

01:12

Statistical Software for Data Analysis and Clinical Trials

1.4K

Statistical software is pivotal in data analysis and clinical trials by providing tools to analyze data, draw conclusions, and make predictions. These software packages range from simple data management applications to complex analytical platforms, supporting various statistical tests, models, and simulation techniques. Their significance lies in their ability to handle vast amounts of data with precision and efficiency, enabling researchers to validate hypotheses, identify trends, and make...

1.4K

01:12

Trial and Error and Algorithm

403

A problem-solving strategy is a plan of action used to find a solution. Different strategies have distinct action plans. Trial and error involves trying different solutions until one works. For instance, to fix a broken printer, you might check ink levels, ensure the paper tray isn't jammed, and verify the printer's connection to your laptop. This method can be time-consuming but is commonly used. Thomas Edison, for example, used trial and error to find a suitable filament for the light...

403

02:24

Predicting Reaction Outcomes

10.4K

Kinetics describes the rate and path by which a reaction occurs. In contrast, thermodynamics deals with state functions and describes the properties, behavior, and components of a system. It is not concerned with the path taken by the process and cannot address the rate at which a reaction occurs. Although it does provide information about what can happen during a reaction process, it does not describe the detailed steps of what appears on an atomic or a molecular level. On the other hand,...

10.4K

01:04

Random Error

9.2K

Random or indeterminate errors originate from various uncontrollable variables, such as variations in environmental conditions, instrument imperfections, or the inherent variability of the phenomena being measured. Usually, these errors cannot be predicted, estimated, or characterized because their direction and magnitude often vary in magnitude and direction even during consecutive measurements. As a result, they are difficult to eliminate. However, the aggregate effect of these errors can be...