子供と妊婦の血中鉛濃度の上昇に対するスクリーニング:米国予防サービスタスクフォースの勧告声明
, Susan J Curry1, Alex H Krist2,3
1University of Iowa, Iowa City.
JAMA
|April 17, 2019
まとめ
子供や妊婦の血中鉛濃度の上昇をスクリーニングするには十分な証拠がない. 米国予防サービスタスクフォースは,鉛曝露のスクリーニングの利益と害を決定するために現在のデータが不十分であると判断しました.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生
- 小児科
- 産婦人科
背景:
- 子供の血中鉛濃度の上昇は 行動障害やIQの低下など 回復不能な神経学的影響と関連しています
- 妊娠中の女性の鉛曝露は,臓器システムに害を与え,妊娠前出血症や不良周期のリスクを高めます.
研究 の 目的:
- 子供と妊婦の血中鉛濃度の高まりに関するスクリーニングに関する2006年の米国予防サービスタスクフォース (USPSTF) の勧告を更新する.
主な方法:
- USPSTFは,血中鉛濃度の上昇に対するスクリーニングと治療の利点と害に関する証拠をレビューし,上昇レベルを5μg/dLと定義しました.
- 血液中の鉛濃度の上昇を特定するための毛細血管の血液検査と比較して,アンケートと臨床予測ツールの正確性を評価した.
主要な成果:
- 毛細血管の血液検査は 子供の血中鉛濃度の上昇を 正確に特定します
- 無症状の子供や妊婦の血中鉛濃度の上昇に対するスクリーニングと治療の有効性と有害性に関する証拠は不十分であることが判明しました.
- 血液中の鉛濃度が高い無症状の子供や妊婦を特定するには,アンケートや臨床予測ツールが不正確であることが判明しました.
結論:
- USPSTFは,無症状の子供や妊婦の血中鉛濃度検査の利益と害のバランスを評価するには,現在の証拠が不十分であると結論付けました.
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