多面的な粒子ポンプは 海洋における炭素の蓄積を促します
Philip W Boyd1, Hervé Claustre2, Marina Levy3
1Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia. philip.boyd@utas.edu.au.
Nature
|April 19, 2019
まとめ
海洋は粒子沈没によって大気中の炭素を吸収しますが,他の"粒子注入ポンプ"も深海での炭素貯蔵に等しく重要です. これらのメカニズムは 海のバランスをとります
科学分野:
- 海洋学
- 気候科学
- 海洋生物学
背景:
- 海洋は大気中の炭素を吸収することで 地球の気候を調節する上で 重要な役割を果たしています
- 生物学的ポンプは 沈む有機粒子を駆動し 深海の炭素貯蔵の 鍵となるメカニズムです
- 現在のモデルは,深海の炭素予算と栄養素の循環を説明するのに,重力による沈着だけでは不十分であると示唆しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 炭素を深海に輸送する"粒子注入ポンプ"と呼ばれる追加メカニズムを 検討し強調する.
- これらの粒子注入ポンプは炭素を吸収する上で重要な役割を果たし,重力ポンプの貢献に匹敵する可能性がある.
- これらのポンプが海洋の炭素排出量削減に 与える影響について さらに研究する必要性を強調します
主な方法:
- 深海への粒子輸送に関与する生物学的および物理学的プロセスの文献レビュー.
- メソペラジックゾーンの粒子の流れと炭素予算に関する既存のデータの統合.
- 重力生物ポンプを補完するメカニズムとして"粒子注入ポンプ"の概念化.
主要な成果:
- suspended and sinking particlesを海洋の深さに注入する複数の生物学的および物理的なメカニズムを特定しました
- これらの粒子注入ポンプは,重力沈着からのフクロスに等しく,炭素結合に実質的に貢献することを提案しました.
- メソペラジック炭素予算の不一致は,これらの追加のポンプを含むことでよりよく説明されます.
結論:
- 粒子注入ポンプは 海洋の生物学的炭素ポンプの 重要で過小評価されている要素です
- これらのポンプを理解することは 海洋の炭素吸収と 気候変動への対応を 正確にモデル化するために不可欠です
- 粒子注入ポンプの環境要因と量的な影響に関するさらなる調査が必要である.
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