再生 し て いる 腸 の 単細胞 転写 細胞 は 復活 し た 幹 細胞 を 示し て い ます
Arshad Ayyaz1, Sandeep Kumar1, Bruno Sangiorgi1
1Centre for Systems Biology, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Nature
|April 26, 2019
まとめ
新しい幹細胞であるリバイバル幹細胞 (revSC) が腸内で発見される. これらの細胞は,腸の修復に不可欠なLGR5+幹細胞を補充することによって,損傷後の腸の表皮を再生します.
科学分野:
- 胃腸科と肝臓科
- 幹細胞生物学
- 再生医療
背景:
- 腸内皮質の周回は,LGR5+暗号基柱状細胞 (CBC) によって引き起こされる.
- CBCは損傷後に失われるが,腸は再生し,予備幹細胞 (RSC) の役割を示唆する.
- 腸内再生におけるCBC,RSCおよび細胞の可塑性の正確な役割は不明である.
研究 の 目的:
- 腸の再生に関わる新しい細胞集団を特定する.
- 損傷後の腸内皮質修復の仕組みを解明する.
- 腸内ホメオスタシスの維持と回復における 異なる幹細胞集団の役割を定義する.
主な方法:
- マウスの腸の単細胞RNA配列解析
- 様々な損傷モデル (放射線,デクストランナトリウム硫酸,LGR5+CBC除去) に基づく細胞群の分析
- 損傷に対する幹細胞反応における YAP1 経路の関与の調査
主要な成果:
- 希少で静止状態で損傷を受けた細胞の特定:高クラスタリン発現によるリバイバル幹細胞 (revSC).
- revSCsは,LGR5+CBCを含むすべての主要な腸細胞タイプをタイムラル・ヒエラルキーで発生させます.
- 損傷後,revSCはYAP1に依存して拡大し,LGR5+CBCコンパートメントを再構成し,腸の再生に不可欠です.
結論:
- 新しい幹細胞集団であるrevSCは腸の再生に不可欠です.
- revSCsは損傷によってLGR5+ CBCプールを補充し,腸の機能を回復するために動員されます.
- これらの発見は,ホメオスタティックな幹細胞のコンパートメントを活性化し,腸内表皮を再生するためのユニークな幹細胞メカニズムを明らかにしています.
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