石油化学プロセスを 代替するために必要なのは 再生可能エネルギーによる 電気合成です
Phil De Luna1,2,3, Christopher Hahn2,4, Drew Higgins2,4,5
1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E4, Canada.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 27, 2019
まとめ
二酸化炭素 (CO2) と水を化学薬品に変換することで排出量を減らすことができます. 費用対効果の競争力を高めるには 60%の効率と 0.04ドル/kWh以下の再生可能エネルギーが必要です
科学分野:
- 化学工学
- 電気化学
- 持続可能な化学
背景:
- 二酸化炭素 (CO2) の利用は,温室効果ガスの排出量削減に不可欠です.
- 電気触媒は二酸化炭素と水を 有価な化学原料に変換する 経路を提供します
- 現在の工業化学生産は化石燃料に大きく依存しています
研究 の 目的:
- 電気触媒によるCO2変換の技術経済と炭素排出量分析を行う.
- 電気合成の経済的に実用的な産業導入のための目標を特定する.
- 電気合成と生物触媒および化石燃料由来生産方法を比較する.
主な方法:
- CO2由来化学物質の技術経済分析
- 異なる生産経路による炭素排出量評価
- 電気触媒,生物触媒,化石燃料ベースのプロセスの比較分析.
主要な成果:
- 電気合成は,化石燃料と競争するために,少なくとも60%の電気化学変換効率を必要とします.
- 再生可能電力の価格は 千ワット時あたり0.04ドル以下で 経済的に持続可能でなければなりません
- 組み合わせた電解と生物触媒プロセスは,連続的なCO2アップグレードの可能性を示しています.
結論:
- 産業用電気合成には効率とコスト削減の大きな進歩が必要である.
- 技術的な課題と経済的な障壁は,電気合成された化学物質の販売性を妨げています.
- 電気触媒は 化石燃料に依存した化学生産に 挑戦的ではあるが 有望な代替手段です
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