チベットの高原から発見された中期プレイストセンのデニソワ人の下

Fahu Chen^1,2, Frido Welker^3,4,5, Chuan-Chou Shen^6,7

¹Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology (LAE), CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences and Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. fhchen@itpcas.ac.cn.

Nature

|May 3, 2019

まとめ

チベットの高原で見つかったデニソワの下肢はシベリアの外で古代のヒト類の存在を直接証明していますこの化石は 16万年以上前にデニソワ人が高地に適応したことを示しています

科学分野:

古人類学
古代の DNA の分析
人間の進化

背景:

デニソワ人はシベリアの限られた化石とアジアの集団の遺伝的証拠から知られている.
形態学的に異なるデニソワ人の化石は稀で,その地理的範囲と進化の関係に関する理解を妨げています.
デニソワ人の遺伝子は現代人の高度適応と関連しています

研究の目的:

アルタイ山脈の向こうのデニソワ人の化石を特定し特徴づけること
デニソワの高度環境への適応を調査する
チベットの高原での初期のホミニンの存在を理解するために

主な方法:

古代のタンパク質を分析してホミニン種を特定する
化石の年齢を判別するための炭酸マトリックスによるUシリーズ年代測定
下と歯の形状の分析

主要な成果:

デニソワ人の下はチベット高原のカースト洞窟で発見されました
この下は少なくとも16万年前のものです
この標本からデニソワ人の形状や中世プレイストセンの高地での存在が分かりやすくなります

結論:

デニソヴァ人を含む古代ヒト類は,中期プレイストセンの間にチベット高原に住んでいた.
デニソワ人は現代の人類がこの地域に到着するずっと前に高地や低酸素環境に適応していました
この発見によりデニソワ人の地理的範囲と適応能力が広がりました

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