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複雑な脳回路のダイナミクスをインビボ画像化するための多色GECIスイートであるXCaMPの合理的工学
Masatoshi Inoue1, Atsuya Takeuchi2, Satoshi Manita3
1Department of Neurochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Cell
|May 14, 2019
まとめ
XCaMPと呼ばれる新しい遺伝子コード化されたカルシウム指標 (GECI) を開発し,より迅速に脳活動を検出しました. これらのツールは画像の速度と深さを改善し,神経回路の詳細な研究を in vivoで可能にします.
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 分子生物学
- バイオ物理学
背景:
- 現在の遺伝的にコードされたカルシウム指標 (GECI) は,単一アクションポテンシャル (AP) の迅速な検出,スペクトル互換性,画像の深さの制限があります.
- 脳のダイナミックな情報処理を理解するには 高解像度で神経活動を監視する 先進的なツールが必要です
研究 の 目的:
- 既存のGECIの限界を克服するために,XCaMPと呼ばれる新しい遺伝子コード化されたカルシウム指標を設計する.
- 神経活動の検出速度を早め,スペクトルの互換性を向上させ,複雑な神経回路を研究するための2フォトンの画像処理を深める.
主な方法:
- 性能が向上した四色GECIスイート (XCaMPs) の合理的なエンジニアリング.
- マウスモデルにおける in vivo 電気生理学的記録と 2 光子のイメージング
- 特定の脳の領域における 前・後シナプスニューロン発火のペアリング記録
主要な成果:
- XCaMPsは3〜10ミリ秒以内に単一のAP検出を達成し,パルバルブミン (PV) 陽性インターニューロンにおける高速スパイク列の測定を可能にしました.
- 自由に動き回るマウスの運動前における 独特の阻害と刺激を記録した.
- 赤のXCaMP-Rを用いた海馬のCA1ニューロンにおける dendritic阻害の空間時間的な制約と somatosensation- evoked活動が明らかにされた.
結論:
- XCaMP GECIスイートは,高速ニューロン動力学と複雑な回路計算を研究するための重要な進歩を表しています.
- これらの指標は,特に自由に移動する動物と皮質下部地域における,in vivo神経科学の研究の能力を強化します.
- XCaMPは,高速化,スペクトルの柔軟性,画像の深さを提供することで,脳の情報処理の解読の可能性を拡大します.
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