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The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom

The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom

Shortly after de Broglie published his ideas that the electron in a hydrogen atom could be better thought of as being a circular standing wave instead of a particle moving in quantized circular orbits, Erwin Schrödinger extended de Broglie’s work by deriving what is now known as the Schrödinger equation. When Schrödinger applied his equation to hydrogen-like atoms, he was able to reproduce Bohr’s expression for the energy and, thus, the Rydberg formula governing hydrogen spectra.

Quantum Numbers

Quantum Numbers

It is said that the energy of an electron in an atom is quantized; that is, it can be equal only to certain specific values and can jump from one energy level to another but not transition smoothly or stay between these levels.

Atomic Orbitals

Atomic Orbitals

An atomic orbital represents the three-dimensional regions in an atom where an electron has the highest probability to reside. The radial distribution function indicates the total probability of finding an electron within the thin shell at a distance r from the nucleus. The atomic orbitals have distinct shapes which are determined by l, the angular momentum quantum number. The orbitals are often drawn with a boundary surface, enclosing densest regions of the cloud.

Atomic Radii and Effective Nuclear Charge

Atomic Radii and Effective Nuclear Charge

The elements in groups of the periodic table exhibit similar chemical behavior. This similarity occurs because the members of a group have the same number and distribution of electrons in their valence shells.

Atomic Structure

Atomic Structure

Atomic Mass

Atomic Mass

Atoms — and the protons, neutrons, and electrons that compose them — are extremely small. For example, a carbon atom weighs less than 2 × 10−23 g. When describing the properties of tiny objects such as atoms, we use appropriately small units of measure, such as the atomic mass unit (amu). The amu was originally defined based on hydrogen, the lightest element, then later in terms of oxygen. Since 1961, it has been defined with regard to the most abundant isotope of carbon, atoms of which...

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Updated: Jan 24, 2026

Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor

Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor

Published on: November 11, 2013

原子のような鏡を持つ空洞量子力学

Mohammad Mirhosseini^1,2,3, Eunjong Kim^1,2,3, Xueyue Zhang^1,2,3

¹Kavli Nanoscience Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.

|May 17, 2019

まとめ

この要約は機械生成です。

研究者は人工的な原子と集合的量子状態の強い結合を達成しましたこの突破は,先進量子技術のためのマルチフォトンのダーク状態の効率的な合成を可能にします.

さらに関連する動画

Construction and Characterization of External Cavity Diode Lasers for Atomic Physics

Construction and Characterization of External Cavity Diode Lasers for Atomic Physics

Published on: April 24, 2014

Resonance Fluorescence of an InGaAs Quantum Dot in a Planar Cavity Using Orthogonal Excitation and Detection

Resonance Fluorescence of an InGaAs Quantum Dot in a Planar Cavity Using Orthogonal Excitation and Detection

Published on: October 13, 2017

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jan 24, 2026

Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor

Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor

Published on: November 11, 2013

Construction and Characterization of External Cavity Diode Lasers for Atomic Physics

Construction and Characterization of External Cavity Diode Lasers for Atomic Physics

Published on: April 24, 2014

Resonance Fluorescence of an InGaAs Quantum Dot in a Planar Cavity Using Orthogonal Excitation and Detection

Resonance Fluorescence of an InGaAs Quantum Dot in a Planar Cavity Using Orthogonal Excitation and Detection

Published on: October 13, 2017

科学分野:

量子光学
固体量子システム
量子情報科学

背景:

原子の放射は,電磁環境と集合的原子相互作用によって影響を受けます.
強化された自発的放射 (超放射性) は,しばしば開いたシステムにおける非分散的ダイナミクスを覆う.

研究の目的:

単一の人工原子と絡み合った集団状態の間の動的刺激の交換を観察する.
量子エミッターと放射線環境との強い結合を示すシステムを設計する.

主な方法:

超伝導量子ビットを人工原子として用いて一次元の波導体の中に精密に配置する
放射能を捕まえる暗黒の集団状態を作り出し原子空洞系を形成します
強い結合を示す高い相互作用と分散の比率 (協力性 > 100) を示す.

主要な成果:

単一の量子ビットと絡み合った集合量子ビット状態の間の動的興奮交換を観察した.
オープンな波導体の中の鏡のように働く人工的な原子を持つ原子腔系を確立した.
一貫した相互作用が分散を支配する強力な結合体制を達成した.

結論:

オープン波導体内の相互作用する量子ビットの強いカップリングは達成可能である.
このシステムはマルチフォトンのダーク状態を効率的に合成します
量子エミッター配列の相関分散と脱コエレンスのないサブスペースを複数体レベルで利用するための経路を開きます.