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Polymers02:34

Polymers

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The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
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Polymers02:34

Polymers

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Polymer Classification: Architecture01:14

Polymer Classification: Architecture

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Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...
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Polymer Classification: Crystallinity01:21

Polymer Classification: Crystallinity

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Unlike ionic or small covalent molecules, polymers do not form crystalline solids due to the diffusion limitations of their long-chain structures. However, polymers contain microscopic crystalline domains separated by amorphous domains.
Crystalline domains are the regions where polymer chains are aligned in an orderly manner and held together in proximity by intermolecular forces. For example, chains in the crystalline domains of polyethylene and nylon are bound together by van der Waals...
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Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity01:26

Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity

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Polymerization generates chiral centers along the entire backbone of a polymer chain. Accordingly, the stereochemistry of the substituent group has a significant effect on polymer properties. Polymers formed from monosubstituted alkene monomers feature chiral carbons at every alternate position in the polymer backbone. Relative to the predominant orientation of substituents at the adjacent chiral carbons, the polymer can exist in three different configurations: isotactic, syndiotactic, and...
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Polymers: Defining Molecular Weight01:01

Polymers: Defining Molecular Weight

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Unlike small molecules with definite molecular weights, polymers are a mixture of individual polymer chains of varying lengths, each with a unique molecular weight.  So, the molecular weight of a polymer is expressed as an average value based on the average size of the polymer chains. The two most common forms of averages used for polymers are the number average molecular weight and weight average molecular weight.
The number average molecular weight (Mn) is the summation of the number...
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ペンデントペンタセンのポリマーからの持続的なマルチエキシトン

Lauren M Yablon1, Samuel N Sanders1, Hua Li2

  • 1Department of Chemistry , Columbia University , New York , New York 10027 , United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|May 24, 2019
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

この研究は,ポリマー鎖における単片分裂を調査し,空間間相互作用を通じて効率的なエクシトンの増殖を達成します. この新しいペンタセンのポリマーは 結晶の材料を上回る長寿のトリプルを生み出します

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科学分野:

  • 有機太陽光発電
  • 材料科学
  • 写真化学

背景:

  • シングレット分裂 (SF) は有機物質における重要なエクシトンの増殖プロセスであり,1つのシングレットエクシトンを2つのトリプレットエクシトンに変換する.
  • 伝統的なSF研究は,結晶膜または分離された分子ジマーに焦点を当てています.
  • ポリマー鎖の空間間相互作用を含む中間体制は,まだあまり探求されていない.

研究 の 目的:

  • シングレット分裂とトリプルペアの再結合を,隔離されたポリマー鎖で,空間間相互作用で調査する.
  • ペンタセンの染色体をポリノルボネン骨格に付加することで,SF効率とトリプルダイナミクスがどのように影響されるかを調べる.
  • このポリマー系が 寿命が延びる三胞胎を 生み出せるかどうか

主な方法:

  • ポリノルボネン骨組みに付着したペンタセンの単位を持つポリマーの合成.
  • シングレット分裂とトリプル・トリプル・アニヒライレーションを含む光物理学的過程のスペクトル調査.
  • 分子ダイナミクスの分析とSFとトリプル再結合の動力学への影響
  • 溶液状態と薄膜状態の両方でトリプルエクシトン寿命の測定.

主要な成果:

  • ペンダントペンタセンを持つマクロモレクルは,空間を通してのπ-π相互作用によって仲介された効率的なシングレット分裂を示す.
  • トリプレット- トリプレット再結合はゲミナートプロセスとして識別され,再結合率はポリマーの分子量に依存する.
  • 合成されたペンデントペンタセンのポリマーは,従来の結晶の染色体と比較して優れたフリートリプル寿命を示した.

結論:

  • ペンデントペンタセンポリマーは,効率的なシングレット分裂を達成するために,空間間の相互作用を活用するための有望なプラットフォームを提供します.
  • これらのポリマーは,結晶類の性能を上回る長寿命のトリプルエクシトンを生成する有効な経路を提供します.
  • これらの発見は,エネルギー変換アプリケーションのための高度な有機材料の設計のための新しい道を開きます.