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高圧下でのランタン水素の250 Kでの超伝導性
A P Drozdov1, P P Kong1, V S Minkov1
1Max-Planck Institut für Chemie, Mainz, Germany.
Nature
|May 24, 2019
まとめ
研究者は高圧下でのランタン六水化物 (LaH_{10}$) で250ケルビンで超伝導性を達成した. この記録は室温の超伝導性の目標に向けた 重要な進歩を示しています
科学分野:
- 凝縮物質物理学
- 材料科学
- 量子力学
背景:
- 従来の超伝導体は,室温の超伝導性を予測するバードン-クーパー-シュリーファー理論とミグダル-エリアシュベルク理論によって記述されるが,新しい材料の予測力は欠けている.
- 密度関数理論を用いた第一原理計算により,クラスレートのような構造を持つ有望な超伝導水素が特定された.
研究 の 目的:
- ランタン六水素 (LaH$_{10}$) の予測された高温超伝導性を実験的に検証する.
- 超伝導性を達成し 記録的な温度で確認する
主な方法:
- 高圧 (約170ギガパスカル) 下でLaHの合成と特徴づけ
- ゼロレジスタンス状態を特定するための電気抵抗の測定.
- 超伝導性を確認するために,同位体効果と外部磁場に対する臨界温度依存の観測.
主要な成果:
- 超伝導性は,およそ250ケルビンの臨界温度で観測された.
- これまでに確認された 超伝導物質の 最も高い臨界温度です
- ゼロ温度で約136テスラという高臨界磁場が推定された.
結論:
- 超伝導性の実験的確認は,LaH$_{10}$で250ケルビンで理論的予測を検証しています.
- この発見は,実用的な室温超伝導体の追求において重要な進歩です.
- ハイドリッド超伝導体に関するさらなる研究は,技術的な応用の可能性を調査するために正当化されています.
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