自閉症スペクトル障害のヒト腸内微生物群は,マウスの行動症状を促す
Gil Sharon1, Nikki Jamie Cruz1, Dae-Wook Kang2
1Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
Cell
|June 1, 2019
まとめ
自閉症スペクトル障害 (ASD) の腸内微生物群はネズミに自閉症の行動を引き起こす可能性があります. 腸からの微生物代謝物は脳機能とASDの症状に影響し,腸と脳とのつながりを強調します.
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 微生物学
- 遺伝学
背景:
- 自閉症スペクトル障害 (ASD) は 社会的コミュニケーションの欠陥と ステレオタイプの行動によって特徴付けられます
- 遺伝的要因が関与している一方で,ASDと典型的に発達する (TD) の個体間の腸内微生物群の違いが観察されていますが,因果関係は不明です.
研究 の 目的:
- 腸内微生物群がASDに関連する行動の発達に寄与するかどうかを調査する.
- ASDの病理生理学における 微生物代謝物の役割と腸-脳軸への影響について調べる
主な方法:
- ヒトの腸内微生物群はASDのドナーとTDの対照群から 細菌のないマウスに移植された.
- 行動分析,脳遺伝子発現 (代替スプライシング),微生物群,代謝群のプロファイリングが行われました.
- ASDマウスモデルは,候補微生物代謝剤で治療された.
主要な成果:
- ASDの微生物群によるコロニー化は マウスの特徴的な自閉症の行動を引き起こしました
- ASD微生物群はマウスの脳に 遺伝子を変化させました 特にASDに関連した遺伝子です
- 微生物代謝物はASD行動の調節体として特定され,マウスモデルで異常と神経刺激性を改善しました.
結論:
- 腸内微生物群は ネズミの行動を神経活性代謝産物によって 調節することができます
- 微生物代謝物によって媒介される腸-脳接続は,ASDの病理生理学に貢献することが示唆されています.
- 腸内微生物とその代謝物質を標的とした治療は ASDの潜在的治療法です
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