集団3の先天性リンパ球は,結核に対する早期の保護免疫を媒介する
Amanda Ardain1,2, Racquel Domingo-Gonzalez3, Shibali Das3
1Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa.
Nature
|June 7, 2019
まとめ
生まれながらのリンパ性細胞 (ILC) は結核患者では枯渇するが,肺に蓄積し,免疫反応を助長する. グループ3のILCは,Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) の感染を制御するために不可欠です.
科学分野:
- 免疫学
- 感染症
- 細胞生物学
背景:
- 結核 (TB) は,世界的に感染による死亡の主な原因となっています.
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) 感染症に対する免疫における先天性リンパ球 (ILC) の役割は十分に理解されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- Mtb感染に対する免疫応答におけるILCの関与を調査する.
- 結核の病原性および制御におけるILCサブセット,特にILC3sの特定の機能を明らかにする.
主な方法:
- 結核患者と健康な対照群の血液と肺組織におけるILCサブセットの分析
- ILC3欠乏したマウスを含むMtb感染のマウスモデルを使用した.
- ILC機能におけるCXCR5-CXCL13軸とサイトカインシグナル伝達 (IL-23,IL-17,IL-22) を研究した.
主要な成果:
- 循環中のILCは結核患者で枯渇し,肺のILCは蓄積した.
- ILC3sはMtbに感染したマウスの肺に急速に蓄積し,アルベオラマクロファージの募集を促進した.
- ILC3欠乏したマウスは,Mtbの制御が低下し,早期の先天性免疫が低下した.
- CXCR5- CXCL13経路とIL-23シグナリングは,ILC3媒介の免疫反応と粒子の形成において重要なものとして特定された.
結論:
- ILC3は,MTB感染に対する免疫の早期の保護的な役割を果たします.
- ILC3sは,マクロファージの募集と,小胞体内のリンパ小胞の形成を含む,先天的な免疫反応をオーケストラする.
- ILC3sおよび関連経路をターゲットにすることで,結核に対する新しい治療戦略を提供することができる.
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