個々の脳オーガノイドは,人間の脳皮質の細胞多様性を再現します
Silvia Velasco1,2, Amanda J Kedaigle1,2,3, Sean K Simmons2,3
1Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Nature
|June 7, 2019
まとめ
人間の脳オーガノイドは脳皮質の発達を確実にモデル化し,一貫した細胞タイプ生成と発達軌道を示します. この研究は,胚の環境の外で再現可能な中枢神経系の発達を示しています.
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 発達生物学
- 幹細胞 研究
背景:
- 人間の脳のオルガノイドは 脳の発達や病気を理解するための 重要な実験モデルです
- オーガノイドからオルガノイドへの高い多様性は,以前は内生性脳組織と比較して再現可能性に疑問を投げかけていた.
- 胚形成以外の人間の脳の発達過程の再現性は重要な問題である.
研究 の 目的:
- 人間の背前脳のオーガノイドモデルにおける細胞型生成の再現性を評価する.
- 人間の脳皮質の細胞の多様性と 発達軌道を複製できるかどうかを判断する.
- 内生的な脳組織と比較して,オルガノイドの発達の変動性を調査する.
主な方法:
- 幹細胞系からヒトの背前脳のオーガノイドを生成する.
- 21 個のオーガノイドから 166,000 以上の細胞の単細胞 RNA 配列解析.
- 細胞型コンペンディウム,発達経路,およびオーガノイドおよび内生性脳組織との変動性の比較分析.
主要な成果:
- オーガノイドの95%は ヒトの脳皮質を反映した 極めて一貫した 多様な細胞群を生み出しました
- オルガノイドの発達経路は個体間で類似しており,内生的な脳と比較できる変動性があった.
- 異なる幹細胞系から派生したオルガノイドは 複製可能な細胞型の産生を示した.
結論:
- 複合的な中枢神経系細胞多様性の再生可能な発達は,胚の文脈の外で達成可能である.
- オーガノイドにおける末端細胞のアイデンティティの確立は,様々な幹細胞の起源と成長条件から一貫して生じる制約されたプロセスである.
- 人間の脳のオーガノイドは 脳の発達や病気を研究するための 信頼性の高い再現可能なプラットフォームを提供します
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