3つの公衆衛生の介入により 25年間で9400万人の命が救える
Vasilis Kontis1, Laura K Cobb2, Colin D Mathers3
1School of Public Health and MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, UK (V.K., M.E.).
Circulation
|June 11, 2019
まとめ
血圧の治療,ナトリウム減少,トランス脂肪の除去という 3つの重要な介入を導入すれば 25年以内に心臓血管疾患による世界の約1億人の死亡を防ぐことができます. これらの戦略は,世界的な心血管疾患の予防に重要な可能性を秘めています.
科学分野:
- 心血管疾患の疫学
- 公衆衛生の介入
- 予防医学
背景:
- 非伝染性疾患は主に心血管疾患で 毎年3千8百万人の命を奪っています
- 有効な介入はありますが 広く普及していないため 予防の取り組みは困難です
- この研究では3つの高効果で実行可能なCVDの死亡率の影響を定量化しています
研究 の 目的:
- 高血圧治療の拡大,ナトリウム摂取の削減,人工トランス脂肪酸の除去による世界的な死亡率の影響を評価する.
- これらの介入によって救われた人の数を 25年以内に予測する.
- これらの公衆衛生戦略の影響における地域的変動を特定する.
主な方法:
- 血圧,ナトリウムとトランス脂肪の摂取量,心血管疾患の死亡率に関する世界的なデータを使用した.
- 集団の健康調査と地域における薬物使用量に関するデータを集約した分析を用いた.
- 2015年から2040年までの死亡率の減少を推定するために,一般化された人口分数の方法を適用しました.
主要な成果:
- 組み合わせた介入によって 25年間で 943万人の死亡を遅らせられるのです
- 高血圧治療だけで3940万人の死亡を 遅らせることができました ナトリウム減少は4040万人 トランス脂肪の除去は1480万人です
- トランス脂肪の除去効果は南アジアで最も高く,サハラ以南のアフリカでは早死が遅れた割合が最も高かった.
結論:
- この3つの介入によって 25年以内に 世界で約"億人の命を救えるのです
- これらの介入の規模を拡大することは 心血管疾患の予防プログラムにとって極めて重要です
- これらの救命戦略を効果的に実施するには,国内外の努力が必要です.
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