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関連する概念動画

Batteries and Fuel Cells03:12

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A battery is a galvanic cell that is used as a source of electrical power for specific applications. Modern batteries exist in a multitude of forms to accommodate various applications, from tiny button batteries such as those that power wristwatches to the very large batteries used to supply backup energy to municipal power grids. Some batteries are designed for single-use applications and cannot be recharged (primary cells), while others are based on conveniently reversible cell reactions that...
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Solubility is the measure of the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a given quantity of solvent at a given temperature and pressure. Solubility is usually measured in molarity (M) or moles per liter (mol/L). A compound is termed soluble if it dissolves in water.
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Compared with pure water, the solubility of an ionic compound is less in aqueous solutions containing a common ion (one also produced by dissolution of the ionic compound). This is an example of a phenomenon known as the common ion effect, which is a consequence of the law of mass action that may be explained using Le Chȃtelier’s principle. Consider the dissolution of silver iodide:
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Solubility equilibria are established when the dissolution and precipitation of a solute species occur at equal rates. These equilibria underlie many natural and technological processes, ranging from tooth decay to water purification. An understanding of the factors affecting compound solubility is, therefore, essential to the effective management of these processes. This section applies previously introduced equilibrium concepts and tools to systems involving dissolution and precipitation.
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Solutions of Gases in Liquids
As for any solution, the solubility of a gas in a liquid is affected by the attractive intermolecular forces between solute and solvent species. Unlike solid and liquid solutes, however, there is no solute-solute intermolecular attraction to overcome when a gaseous solute dissolves in a liquid solvent since the atoms or molecules comprising a gas are far separated and experience negligible interactions. Consequently, solute-solvent interactions are the sole...
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Solution, Solubility, and Solubility Equilibrium
A solution is a homogeneous mixture composed of a solvent, the major component, and a solute, the minor component. The physical state of a solution—solid, liquid, or gas—is typically the same as that of the solvent. Solute concentrations are often described with qualitative terms such as dilute (of relatively low concentration) and concentrated (of relatively high concentration).
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モノメアおよびオリゴメアサイクロプロペニウムベースのフローバッテリーカトライトの予測溶解性モデルの開発

Sophia G Robinson1,2, Yichao Yan3,2, Koen H Hendriks2

  • 1Department of Chemistry , University of Utah , 315 South 1400 East , Salt Lake City , Utah 84112 , United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|June 18, 2019
PubMed
まとめ

非水性酸化還元流電池のための高溶性有機分子の設計は極めて重要です. この研究は,アセトニトリルで1M以上の溶解性を有する新しい化合物を特定する,トリス・ディアルキラミノ・サイクロプロペニウム (CP) 誘導体の予測モデルを開発する.

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科学分野:

  • 電気化学
  • 材料科学
  • 有機化学

背景:

  • 酸化還元活性有機分子の高溶解性は,非水性酸化還元フロー電池 (NFRB) に不可欠である.
  • 適した分子構造の発見を加速するために,非水溶性の予測方法が必要です.
  • Tris ((ダイアキラミノ) サイクロプロペニウム (CP) 基のジケーションは,NFRBsにとって有望な化合物クラスである.

研究 の 目的:

  • CP 根の溶解性をパラメータ化および予測するためのワークフローを開発する.
  • 関連する電池の電解質に溶解性が高い新しいCP誘導体を特定する.

主な方法:

  • モノメア CP 種で訓練された統計モデルの開発.
  • 様々な CP 誘導体の溶解性のパラメトリゼーションと予測.
  • アセトニトリルの電気化学サイクル安定性試験

主要な成果:

  • CPの根性分解性の予測モデルが開発されました.
  • 新しい単体および二重性CP誘導体は,すべての酸化還元状態においてアセトニトリルで1Mを超える溶解性を有することが予測された.
  • 最も溶解性の高いCPモノメアは,電解質のサポートなしに1M濃度で高い電気化学的安定性を示した.

結論:

  • 開発されたワークフローは,構造的に柔軟なCP根の解解性を効果的に予測します.
  • この研究は,高性能なNFRBのための有望なCPデリバティブを特定しています.
  • この発見は,エネルギー貯蔵のための有機電解質の合理的な設計への道を開きます.