プラセンタ抗体移転のグリカン媒介による調節

Madeleine F Jennewein¹, Ilona Goldfarb², Sepideh Dolatshahi³

¹Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

Cell

|June 18, 2019

まとめ

母親の免疫は新生児に特定の抗体を移し,先天的な免疫を強化します. 抗体の特徴によって誘発されるこの選択的移植は,乳児の感染症に対する次世代の母性ワクチン開発の洞察を提供します.

科学分野:

免疫学
新生児の健康
ワクチン学

背景:

新生児は,広範囲にわたるワクチン接種にもかかわらず,感染症に敏感です.
新生児の免疫には不可欠ですが,均一ではありません.
既存の新生児ワクチン接種戦略は,未熟な免疫システムと母性の要因により課題に直面しています.

研究の目的:

胎盤移植に影響を与える抗体のFc特性を調査する.
母親から胎児への選択的な抗体移植のメカニズムを理解する
新生児の保護のための先進的な母体ワクチンの設計を参考にすること.

主な方法:

抗体Fcの特徴を分析するためにシステム血清学を使用した.
母親と新生児の抗体のFcプロファイルを比較した.
抗体移転におけるFcグリカンとFc受容体 (FcRn,FCGR3A) の役割を調査した.

主要な成果:

新生児のNK細胞活性化抗体が優れている.
選択的抗体移転は,ディガラクソシル化Fcグリカンと関連している.
生まれながらの免疫細胞を活性化する抗体の転送を可能にします.

結論:

抗体Fc-グリカン構造は胎盤の移転効率を決定する.
新生児の先天的免疫に最適化された抗体の移転メカニズムを明らかにした.
この研究は,乳児の免疫力を高めるための次世代の母性ワクチン開発の基礎となる.

キーワード:

ADCC について抗体機能抗体グリコシル化母親のワクチン接種新生児免疫学トランスプラセンタ移植

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