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関連する概念動画

Coordination Number and Geometry02:57

Coordination Number and Geometry

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For transition metal complexes, the coordination number determines the geometry around the central metal ion. Table 1 compares coordination numbers to molecular geometry. The most common structures of the complexes in coordination compounds are octahedral, tetrahedral, and square planar.
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Predicting Molecular Geometry02:27

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VSEPR Theory for Determination of Electron Pair Geometries
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Molecular Geometry and Dipole Moments02:36

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The VSEPR theory can be used to determine the electron pair geometries and molecular structures as follows:
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Radicals: Electronic Structure and Geometry01:07

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This lesson delves into the geometry of a radical, which is influenced by the electronic structure of the molecule. The principle is similar to that of a lone pair, where the unpaired electron influences the geometry at the radical center.
Accordingly, the structure of a trivalent radical lies between the geometries of carbocations and carbanions. An sp2-hybridized carbocation is trigonal planar, while an sp3-hybridized carbanion is trigonal pyramidal. Here, the difference in geometry is...
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Conservation of Small Populations02:04

Conservation of Small Populations

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Small population sizes put a species at extreme risk of extinction due to a lack of variation, and a consequent decrease in adaptability. This weakens the chances of survival under pressures such as climate change, competition from other species, or new diseases. Large populations are more likely to survive pressures such as these, as such populations are more likely to harbor individuals that have genetic variants that are adaptive under new stresses. Small populations are much less...
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What is Population Genetics?01:25

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A population is composed of members of the same species that simultaneously live and interact in the same area. When individuals in a population breed, they pass down their genes to their offspring. Many of these genes are polymorphic, meaning that they occur in multiple variants. Such variations of a gene are referred to as alleles. The collective set of all the alleles within a population is known as the gene pool.
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視覚皮質における集団反応の高次元幾何学

Carsen Stringer1,2, Marius Pachitariu3,4, Nicholas Steinmetz5,6

  • 1HHMI Janelia Research Campus, Ashburn, VA, USA. stringerc@janelia.hhmi.org.

Nature
|June 28, 2019
PubMed
まとめ

自然画像のニューラル集団コードは高次元で パワー・ローの相関を示します この構造はコードの滑らかさによって 視覚皮質の強力な情報処理を保証します

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Fabrication and Visualization of Capillary Bridges in Slit Pore Geometry
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科学分野:

  • 計算神経科学
  • システム神経科学
  • 視覚野の機能

背景:

  • 神経群のコードは効率性 (高次元,低相関) と強度 (低次元,高相関) のバランスをとります.
  • 神経集団が 自然のイメージのような複雑な刺激を 暗号化する仕組みを理解することは 脳の機能を解読する上で 極めて重要です

研究 の 目的:

  • ネズミの視覚皮質の大きなニューロン集団による自然な画像エンコーディングの次元性と相関構造を分析する.
  • 刺激特性,神経コーディング,および観察された相関パターンの間の関係を調査する.

主な方法:

  • 自然画像への反応として,目が覚めたマウスの視覚皮質の大きなニューロン集団から呼び出された集団活動の分析.
  • 主要な構成要素分析を含む次元縮小技術で,集団の活動を特徴付けます.
  • 神経コードの滑らかさと相関構造の理論的制約を探求するための数学モデリング.

主要な成果:

  • 自然のイメージによって引き起こされた集団の活動は高次元であることが判明しました.
  • 神経集団の相関は予想外のパワー法則に従っており,n番目の主要な構成要素の分散は 1/n とスケーリングされています.
  • このパワー・ローのスケーリングは 刺激白化後も持続し 刺激統計ではなく 神経コードに由来することを示しています

結論:

  • 神経集団のコード内の相関構造を決定する基本的な制約です.
  • ニューラル相関における観察されたパワー・ローのスケーリングは,スムーズな集団コードを維持することの結果である.
  • この研究は 脳内の効率的で堅固な情報処理を 支配する原理の洞察を提供します