リラックスされた選択は,変異負荷を増やすことで寿命を制限する

Rongfeng Cui¹, Tania Medeiros¹, David Willemsen¹

¹Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931 Cologne, Germany.

Cell

|July 2, 2019

まとめ

アフリカのキリフィッシュのゲノム進化と寿命の変化に緩やかな浄化選択が起因し老化や病気に関連する遺伝子に影響を与えますこの遺伝的ドリフトが厳しい環境への適応を形作るのです

科学分野:

進化生物学
ゲノミクス
エコロジー

背景:

生命の歴史の特徴は様々な選択的圧力の下で進化する.
季節性乾燥などの環境問題への適応は進化の重要な原動力です
これらの適応のゲノム的基盤を理解することは極めて重要です

研究の目的:

アフリカのキリフィッシュの季節的な生息地の乾燥に適応するゲノムの基礎を調査する.
ポジティブとリラックスした浄化選択に関連した遺伝的変異を特定する.
ゲノムと生命の歴史の特徴の形成におけるリラックスした選択の役割を探求する.

主な方法:

アフリカのキリフィッシュ種45種と野生の個体231匹のゲノムを分析しました
特定された遺伝的変異はポジティブとリラックスした浄化選択による.
生命の歴史を調節する重要な遺伝子 (mtor, insr, ampk, foxo3, polg) を調べました.

主要な成果:

遺伝的ドリフトによりゲノムが拡大し年間キリフィッシュに有害な変異が蓄積された
リラックスされた浄化選択はミトコンドリア機能と老化に関連しています.
リラックスされた選択はゲノムを大きく形作り寿命の進化に影響を与えます

結論:

リラックスした浄化選択はキリフィッシュのゲノム進化と寿命の主要な要因です
このプロセスは,遅発の疾患に関連する遺伝的変異の分布に寄与する可能性があります.
この発見は種間の老化と病気の理解に影響を及ぼします

キーワード:

老化するフィットネス効果の分布ゲノムの進化人間遺伝学キリフィッシュライフヒストリー寿命ミトコンドリア機能障害変異率中立的な進化

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