カリフォルニアの幼稚園児のワクチン接種状況と州全体の立法および行政介入の関連
S Cassandra Pingali1, Paul L Delamater2, Alison M Buttenheim3
1Department of Epidemiology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
JAMA
|July 3, 2019
まとめ
カリフォルニア州
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生
- 流行病学
- 予防接種政策
背景:
- カリフォルニア州は2014年から2016年の間に3つの重要な介入を実施し,学生のワクチン接種率を増やしました.
- これらの介入には,立法上の変更 (議会法案2109と上院法案277) と学校スタッフのための教育キャンペーンが含まれていました.
- 以前の研究では,これらの介入が学生のワクチン接種状況に及ぼす影響が総合的に評価されていなかった.
研究 の 目的:
- 予防接種を受けていない幼稚園児の年間入学率の変化を評価する.
- ワクチン接種率が高い学校と 学校内の接触の可能性を分析する.
- ワクチン接種に関する立法と教育戦略の効果を評価する.
主な方法:
- 2000年から2017年の間にカリフォルニア州から入学した生徒の横断データを用いた観察研究です.
- 必要なワクチン接種を更新していない幼稚園児の年間率の計算
- 校内接触のための修正された集積指数と,高水準の学校の地理的クラスタリングの分析.
主要な成果:
- 予防接種を受けていない幼稚園児の割合は,2013年の9.84%から2017年の4.87%に減少した.
- 予防接種を受けていない幼稚園児の学校内接触の可能性は,2014年の26.02%から2017年の4.56%に大幅に減少しました.
- ワクチン接種率が高い地域にある学校の数は 研究期間中に大幅に減少した.
結論:
- カリフォルニアの州全体の立法と教育介入は,予防接種を受けていない幼稚園児の有意な減少と関連していました.
- これらの介入は,高い予防接種率と生徒との接触の可能性の低い学校クラスターの減少にもつながりました.
- この結果は,学校でのワクチン接種率の改善に多面的なアプローチが有効であることを強調しています.
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