単細胞分析により,古いニューロゲンニッチでのT細胞の浸透が明らかになった
Ben W Dulken1,2,3, Matthew T Buckley1, Paloma Navarro Negredo1
1Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Nature
|July 5, 2019
まとめ
老化により脳幹細胞の機能が低下します 古い脳ではT細胞が侵入し,インターフェロン-γを分泌し,神経幹細胞の増殖を抑制する. これは脳の老化に影響する 重要な相互作用を明らかにしています
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 免疫学
- 細胞生物学
背景:
- 哺乳類の脳には 神経幹細胞に不可欠な ニューロゲンニッチがあります
- これらのニッチは 年齢とともに機能が低下しますが その背後にあるメカニズムは 十分に理解されていません
研究 の 目的:
- 単細胞RNA配列を用いてマウスの神経原性ニッチの年齢関連の変化を調査する.
- 年齢に関係する神経学的衰退に寄与する細胞および分子相互作用を特定する.
主な方法:
- ニューロゲンニッチの単細胞RNA配列解析は,若いマウスと古いマウスから行われます.
- 14,685個の単細胞トランスクリプトームの分析
- T細胞と神経幹細胞の相互作用を評価するために,in vitroの共培養とin vivoの実験を行う.
主要な成果:
- 古いニューロゲンニッチは活性化ニューラル幹細胞の減少,内皮細胞とマイクログリアの変化,T細胞の浸透を示した.
- 脳に浸透したT細胞は,血液のT細胞とは異なり,クローン的に拡張し,インターフェロン-γを発現した.
- インターフェロンに反応する神経幹細胞の増殖が減少した.
- T細胞は,インターフェロン-γの分泌を介して神経幹細胞の増殖を抑制することが判明しました.
結論:
- 老化した脳におけるT細胞と神経幹細胞との新しい相互作用が特定されました.
- 部分的にインターフェロン-γによるT細胞媒介抑制は,年齢に関連した神経幹細胞増殖の減少に寄与する.
- これらの発見は 老化に関連した脳の機能障害に対抗する 潜在的な治療目標を示唆しています
さらに関連する動画
10:05Isolation and Expansion of Neurospheres from Postnatal (P1−3) Mouse Neurogenic Niches
Published on: May 23, 2020
15.3K
08:16Fluorescence-Activated Nuclei Negative Sorting of Neurons Combined with Single Nuclei RNA Sequencing to Study the Hippocampal Neurogenic Niche
Published on: October 20, 2022
3.7K
関連する概念動画
Stem Cell Niche
6.3K
The stem cell niche is the dynamic microenvironment where stem cells reside. Inside these niches, the cells may remain undifferentiated, undergo high self-renewal, or become lineage-specific progenitors. Stem cells coexist with other niche cells, such as stromal cells. They also interact closely with the ECM. Cell-cell and cell-matrix communication occur via adhesion molecules or soluble factors that signal the stem cells and determine their fate. Stromal cells also provide survival signals to...
6.3K
Ecological Niches
26.1K
All organisms have a position within an ecosystem. The complete set of living and nonliving factors—including food resources, climate, and terrain—that define the position of a given organism are collectively referred to as the organism’s ecological niche.
26.1K
Multipotency and Niche of Bulge Stem Cell
4.2K
A hair follicle or HF is a small part of the skin that produces the hair shaft. Paul Gerson Unna was the first to observe a bulge in the human hair follicle's outer root sheath (ORS). The bulge is present between the sebaceous gland and the arrector pili muscle and is the niche for hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs). The bulge is also a niche for melanocyte stem cells, and their loss results in graying of hair. The HFSCs express Sox9 and Lhx2, which help them maintain stemness and prevent...
4.2K
Physiology of Respiration II: Neurogenic Control of Respiration
1.9K
The neurogenic control of respiration coordinates various neural networks and pathways to regulate breathing rate and depth, meeting the body's oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange requirements. This system adapts to physiological and environmental conditions, ensuring optimal breathing patterns.
Central Control
The brainstem is the primary site of central control, hosting respiratory centers:
Central Control
The brainstem is the primary site of central control, hosting respiratory centers:
1.9K
Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell
14.6K
Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
14.6K
What are Cells?
197.6K
Cells are the smallest and basic units of life, whether it is a single cell that forms the entire organism, e.g., in a bacterium or trillions of them, e.g., in humans. No matter what organism a cell is a part of, they share specific characteristics.
Basic Characteristics of Cells
A living cell has a plasma membrane, a bilayer of lipids that separates the aqueous solution inside the cell called the cytoplasm from the outside environment.
Furthermore, a living cell possesses genetic information...
Basic Characteristics of Cells
A living cell has a plasma membrane, a bilayer of lipids that separates the aqueous solution inside the cell called the cytoplasm from the outside environment.
Furthermore, a living cell possesses genetic information...
197.6K
