パネス細胞によって生成されるノータムは,老いた腸内皮質の再生を弱める
Nalle Pentinmikko1, Sharif Iqbal1, Miyeko Mana2
1Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Nature
|July 12, 2019
まとめ
老化した幹細胞は,腸内ニッチでのWntシグナリングの減少により再生機能を失います. 老いたパネス細胞によって生成されるWnt阻害剤であるNotumを阻害することで,幹細胞の機能を回復し,組織再生を促進します.
科学分野:
- 老化に関する研究
- 幹細胞生物学
- 胃腸内科
背景:
- 幹細胞機能の低下は老化時に組織再生を妨げます
- 幹細胞のニッチが 老化に果たす役割は 十分に理解されていません
- 腸の幹細胞はパネス細胞によって制御される.
研究 の 目的:
- 老化した腸内皮質の再生の可能性を調査する.
- 年齢による腸の幹細胞機能の低下のメカニズムを解明する.
- 幹細胞のニッチをターゲットにすることで 再生能力が回復できるかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- 若い人と年老いた人の腸内皮質とマウスの腸内皮質の再生能力の比較
- Wntシグナル伝達経路と老いたパネス細胞におけるNotumの役割について調査した.
- オーガノイドモデルにおけるノータムとWnt補給の遺伝子ターゲティングを活用した.
- ネズミに投与された薬学的ノータム抑制は,再生能力を評価する.
主要な成果:
- 幹細胞とニッチの欠陥により,腸内表皮の再生能力は年齢とともに低下する.
- 老化したパネス細胞は,Wntシグナル伝達と幹細胞を阻害して,Notumを増加させます.
- 老いたパネス細胞におけるmTORC1の高い活動は,PPAR-αを抑制し,ノトゥームを増加させる.
- Notumの遺伝的または薬学的阻害は老いたオルガノイドの機能を回復し,マウスの幹細胞再生を強化しました.
結論:
- 老化したパネス細胞は,ノータム経由のWnt信号伝達を阻害することで,幹細胞の老化に寄与する.
- ターゲティング ノータムは老いた腸の幹細胞の再生能力を回復させる.
- Notumの薬理学的阻害は,高齢者および化学療法後の組織再生を促進します.
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