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[4+2] Cycloaddition of Conjugated Dienes: Diels–Alder Reaction01:16

[4+2] Cycloaddition of Conjugated Dienes: Diels–Alder Reaction

12.2K
The Diels–Alder reaction is an example of a thermal pericyclic reaction between a conjugated diene and an alkene or alkyne, commonly referred to as a dienophile. The reaction involves a concerted movement of six π electrons, four from the diene and two from the dienophile, forming an unsaturated six-membered ring. As a result, these reactions are classified as [4+2] cycloadditions.
12.2K
meta-Directing Deactivators: –NO2, –CN, –CHO, –⁠CO2R, –COR, –CO2H01:13

meta-Directing Deactivators: –NO2, –CN, –CHO, –⁠CO2R, –COR, –CO2H

6.6K
All meta-directing substituents are deactivating groups. These substituents withdraw electrons from the aromatic ring, making the ring less reactive toward electrophilic substitution. For example, the nitration of nitrobenzene is 100,000 times slower than that of benzene because of the deactivating effect of the nitro group. The first step in an electrophilic aromatic substitution is the addition of an electrophile to form a resonance-stabilized carbocation. The energy diagrams for...
6.6K
2° Amines to N-Nitrosamines: Reaction with NaNO201:20

2° Amines to N-Nitrosamines: Reaction with NaNO2

5.4K
Secondary amines react with nitrous acid to form N-nitrosamines, as depicted in Figure 1. Nitrous acid, a weak and unstable acid, is formed in situ from an aqueous solution of sodium nitrite and strong acids, such as hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid, in cold conditions. In the presence of an acid, the nitrous acid gets protonated. The subsequent loss of water results in the formation of the electrophile known as nitrosonium ion.
5.4K
Coordination Number and Geometry02:57

Coordination Number and Geometry

18.9K
For transition metal complexes, the coordination number determines the geometry around the central metal ion. Table 1 compares coordination numbers to molecular geometry. The most common structures of the complexes in coordination compounds are octahedral, tetrahedral, and square planar.
18.9K
SN2 Reaction: Kinetics02:14

SN2 Reaction: Kinetics

10.2K
Kinetic Studies and Significance
In a chemical reaction, a relationship exists between the concentration of reactants and the rate at which the reaction proceeds. The study to measure this relationship is known as the kinetics of a chemical reaction. Kinetic studies are used to deduce the rate law of a chemical reaction, which provides information about the species involved during the transition state of the rate-determining step. Thus, kinetic studies help to derive the mechanism of a...
10.2K
Lattice Centering and Coordination Number02:33

Lattice Centering and Coordination Number

11.4K
The structure of a crystalline solid, whether a metal or not, is best described by considering its simplest repeating unit, which is referred to as its unit cell. The unit cell consists of lattice points that represent the locations of atoms or ions. The entire structure then consists of this unit cell repeating in three dimensions. The three different types of unit cells present in the cubic lattice are illustrated in Figure 1.
Types of Unit Cells
Imagine taking a large number of identical...
11.4K

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Preparation of Highly Porous Coordination Polymer Coatings on Macroporous Polymer Monoliths for Enhanced Enrichment of Phosphopeptides
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マルチ刺激に反応する多孔性協調ポリマー:固体 [2+2] サイクル添加の温度媒介制御

Isabella E Claassens1, Leonard J Barbour1, Delia A Haynes1

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science , Stellenbosch University , P. Bag X1, Matieland , 7602 Stellenbosch , South Africa.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|July 17, 2019
PubMed
まとめ

研究者は,気温によって多孔な調整ポリマー (PCP) 内での光化学 [2+2] サイクル添加を制御した. この温度による相変化により,リガンドの形状が変化し,選択的に異なる同位体産物が生成される. これはPCPを強調しています.

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Electric-field Control of Electronic States in WS2 Nanodevices by Electrolyte Gating
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Electric-field Control of Electronic States in WS2 Nanodevices by Electrolyte Gating
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科学分野:

  • 材料科学
  • 写真化学
  • 超分子化学

背景:

  • 毛細な調整ポリマー (PCP) は化学反応のための調整可能な環境を提供します.
  • 光化学的 [2+2] サイクル添加は,サイクロブタン環を形成するための重要な反応である.
  • 狭い空間での反応選択性を制御することは依然として課題です.

研究 の 目的:

  • PCP内の光化学 [2+2]サイクル添加による同位体産物の選択合成を調査する.
  • 温度が反応結果に及ぼす影響を調べる
  • PCPの反応性におけるリガンドの柔軟性の役割を理解する.

主な方法:

  • 1,4-bis[2-pyridyl) 乙烯]-ベンゼンリガンドを組み込んだ多孔性調整ポリマー (PCP) の合成.
  • 異なる温度で実施される光化学 [2+2] サイクル添加反応.
  • 反応産物の分析は,光学および結晶学的技術を用いて行われます.
  • PCPにおける温度による相変化の調査

主要な成果:

  • 2つの異なる同位体サイクル添加製品の選択的形成が達成された.
  • 得られた特定の同位体は,照射温度に直接依存していた.
  • リガンドの形状を変化させる,希少な温度誘発の相変遷が観察された.
  • この形状の変化は,サイクロアディションの地域選択性を決定した.

結論:

  • PCPのリガンドの柔軟性により,多刺激反応が可能です.
  • PCP内の光化学反応を制御するために,温度を外部刺激として使用することができます.
  • この研究は,スマート素材を用いた同位体化合物の選択合成のための新しいアプローチを示しています.