ジュラ紀新種の哺乳類は,哺乳類のような頭骨の初期の進化に光を当てています

Chang-Fu Zhou^1,2, Bhart-Anjan S Bhullar³, April I Neander⁴

¹Paleontological Museum of Liaoning, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang Liaoning 110034, China.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|July 20, 2019

まとめ

中国から発見されたジュラ紀の哺乳類の化石は哺乳類の頭器の初期の進化を示していますこの発見は中耳が離れる前の初期の哺乳類における動力による飲み込みの発達について洞察を与えてくれます

科学分野:

古生物学
進化生物学
比較解剖学

背景:

哺乳類の頭器は喉頭と食道を支えており強力な飲み方を可能にします
早期の哺乳類と非哺乳類のシナドントは,異なる状の構造を持ち,餌のメカニズムに影響を与えていた.
哺乳類の起源と適応をたどるには舌の進化を理解することが重要です

研究の目的:

ジュラ紀の哺乳類の化石についてです
この初期の哺乳類の保存された状器官を分析する
栄養と発声に関するヒオイド構造の機能的影響を推測する

主な方法:

中国での化石発見と発掘.
ヒオイド骨の詳細な形態学的分析 (基礎骨,骨,上皮骨,甲状腺骨)
現存する哺乳類と化石のシナドントとの比較分析.

主要な成果:

新しいジュラ紀のドコドントン哺乳類の標本には頭骨が保存されています
頭器は,現存する哺乳類に似た,移動性関節との形状を呈している.
これは,哺乳類以外のシノドントに見られるより単純な状棒と対照的に,異なる喉の構造を示唆しています.

結論:

このジュラ紀の哺乳類のヒオイド構造は飲み込み能力の初期の進化を示しています
これらの適応は,中耳が下から完全に離れる前に初期の哺乳類で進化した.
この発見は初期の哺乳類の機能的形態と進化の軌道を明らかにした.

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