口腔疾患: 世界的な公衆衛生上の課題

Marco A Peres¹, Lorna M D Macpherson², Robert J Weyant³

¹Menzies Health Institute Queensland and School of Dentistry and Oral Health, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.

Lancet (London, England)

|July 23, 2019

まとめ

虫歯や歯周病のような口腔疾患は世界的に蔓延しており脆弱な集団に不均衡な影響を及ぼしていますこれらの予防可能な状態に対処することは公衆衛生と経済福祉にとって極めて重要です.

科学分野:

公衆衛生
エピデミオロジー
世界保健

背景:

口腔疾患は世界中で何百万人もの人々に深刻な健康問題をもたらしています
歯の虫歯,歯周病,歯の脱落,口腔がんなどが多い.
これらの病気は生活の質と経済生産性に大きな影響を及ぼします.

研究の目的:

口腔疾患の世界的な範囲と影響を概説する.
口腔衛生の不平等を引き起こす社会的・商業的な要因を調べる
治療されていない口腔疾患の経済的コストと公衆衛生上の影響を強調する.

主な方法:

世界的な口腔疾患の流行と影響のレビュー
口腔健康に影響を与える社会的,経済的,商業的な要因の分析
個人と医療制度の経済的負担の評価

主要な成果:

口腔疾患は高い割合で予防可能ですが格差や資金不足が原因で流行し続けています
低所得国や中所得国 (LMICs) は,医療へのアクセスに関して特別な課題に直面しています.
治療を受けない口腔疾患は激しい痛みやセプシス,生活の質の低下,生産性の低下につながります

結論:

口腔疾患は,特にLMICでは,世界的に大きな公衆衛生問題となっています.
社会的・経済的不平等は口の条件の負担を悪化させる.
世界保健政策の中で口腔衛生を緊急に優先し,非伝染性疾患 (NCD) として対処する必要があります.

さらに関連する動画

06:16

Author Spotlight: Establishing an Accurate Microhardness Testing Protocol for Craniofacial Tissues

Published on: April 26, 2024

1.2K

10:42

Oral Biofilm Sampling for Microbiome Analysis in Healthy Children

Published on: December 31, 2017

17.8K

関連する概念動画

01:50

Global Climate Change

28.7K

Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.

28.7K

01:11

Oral Cavity

3.0K

The oral cavity, or the mouth, is a complex structure in humans that plays a vital role in our day-to-day lives. Its role is not only in chewing and swallowing food; it also plays a role in speech and facial expressions.
Teeth: The teeth are the hardest structures in our bodies. Humans have two sets of teeth throughout their lifetime: deciduous (baby) teeth and permanent teeth. Each tooth consists of several parts: the crown (visible part), the root (embedded in the jaw), enamel (hard outer...

3.0K

01:21

Health Literacy

5.2K

Health literacy is an individual's or a community's capacity to comprehend, receive, read, and use relevant healthcare information and services. The World Health Organization (WHO, 2018) defines health literacy as the cognitive and social skills that determine the ability of individuals to gain access to, understand, and use information in ways that promote and maintain good health. As a result, the WHO helps individuals manage long-term health concerns, participate in preventative...

5.2K

01:30

Introduction to Global Positioning System

480

The Global Positioning System (GPS) revolutionized positioning on Earth, providing precise location data through satellite ranging. The GPS system was developed in 1978 by the U.S. Department of Defense for military use, and it became available for civilian applications in 1983, transforming fields including navigation, fleet management, and time synchronization for telecommunications systems.GPS consists of satellites in medium Earth orbit, about 20,200 kilometers above the surface,...

480

01:28

Global Regulatory Systems

623

Global regulatory systems in bacteria enable rapid and coordinated responses to environmental changes by integrating sensory inputs with gene expression, ensuring efficient adaptation to fluctuating conditions. Key global regulatory mechanisms include regulons, two-component systems, sigma factors, and secondary messengers.Regulons and Global RegulatorsA regulon is a collection of genes and operons controlled by a common global regulator. These regulators enable bacteria to prioritize resource...

623

01:26

Errors in Global Positioning System

345

Global Positioning System (GPS) technology has revolutionized navigation and positioning, but its accuracy is often compromised by various errors. These errors, stemming from environmental, satellite, and receiver-related factors, require careful mitigation to ensure reliable performance across applications.Atmospheric ErrorsGPS signals travel through the Earth’s ionosphere and troposphere, introducing delays which affect accuracy. The ionosphere is strongly influenced by charged particles,...

345

関連する実験動画