マウスにおけるALSの調節における腸内微生物と代謝物の潜在的な役割
Eran Blacher1, Stavros Bashiardes1, Hagit Shapiro1
1Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
Nature
|July 23, 2019
まとめ
腸内細菌はアミオトロフィック横筋硬化症 (ALS) の進行をマウスで影響する. Akkermansia muciniphilaのような特定の細菌は 保護効果を示しますが 他の細菌は症状を悪化させ ALSにおける 微生物群と脳の相互作用を示唆しています
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 微生物学
- 遺伝学
背景:
- アミオトロフィック・サイド・スクレロシス (ALS) は 遺伝的および環境的要因の影響を受ける 複雑な神経変性疾患です
- 神経変性疾患における腸内微生物の役割は 新興の研究分野です
研究 の 目的:
- 腸内微生物の変化がSod1変異性マウスのALS病原性への影響を調査する.
- ALSの重症度を調節する特定の細菌種と代謝物質を特定する.
主な方法:
- 異なる条件下でのSod1-Tgマウスの腸内微生物群と代謝物プロフィールの分析 (生殖器,細菌なし,抗生物質治療).
- 特定の細菌分類とALSの重度の相関
- 単一の細菌種とニコチナミドをSod1-Tgマウスで補充した研究
- ALS患者と対照群における微生物群と代謝物プロフィールの比較
主要な成果:
- Sod1-Tgのマウスは前症候群で, ALSを悪化させるビバリアム依存性腸不活性症を示しています.
- アッケルマンシア・ムチニフィラは ALSの症状を緩和し,ルーミノコッカス・トルクスとパラバクテロイドス・ディスタソニスは症状を悪化させる.
- ニコチナミドは,Akkermansia muciniphilaと関連して,Sod1- Tgマウスの運動機能と脊髄遺伝子発現を改善する.
- ヒトのALS患者は,ニコチナミドの減少を含む,異なった微生物群と代謝物質のプロファイルを示しています.
結論:
- 環境に起因する 微生物群と脳の相互作用が ALSを変化させる可能性があります
- 腸内微生物とニコチナミドの代謝を標的とした治療は ALSの潜在的な戦略です.
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