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H⁺輸送はミトコンドリアのADP/ATPキャリアの不可欠な機能である

Ambre M Bertholet¹, Edward T Chouchani², Lawrence Kazak²

¹Department of Physiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.

|July 26, 2019

まとめ

ミトコンドリアのADP/ATPキャリア (AAC) は,ATP/ADP交換と陽子の輸送の両方を媒介する. この二重機能は,細胞のATP需要によって動的に制御されるエネルギー生産と熱生成を結びつけます.

科学分野:

ミトコンドリア生物学
バイオエネルギー
膜輸送

背景:

ミトコンドリアのADP/ATPキャリア (AAC) は,細胞のADPとミトコンドリアのATPの交換によって細胞のATP生成に不可欠である.
ミトコンドリア解離におけるAACの潜在的な役割は提案されているが,メカニズムは不明である.

研究の目的:

マウスのミトコンドリア内膜からAAC電流を直接記録する.
AACの異なる輸送手段を特定し,特徴づけること.
AAC媒介によるミトコンドリア解離のメカニズムを解明する.

主な方法:

隔離されたミトコンドリア内膜からのAAC電流の直接電気生理学的記録.
様々なマウス組織におけるAAC輸送の調査.
自由脂肪酸がAAC機能に及ぼす影響の分析

主要な成果:

AACの2つの異なる輸送方式が特定されました.ADP/ATP交換とH+輸送です.
AAC媒介のH+流は,フリー脂肪酸を必要とし,UCP1媒介のH+漏れに似ている.
ADPとATPの交換は,H+の漏れを否定的に制御しますが,廃止することはありません.

結論:

AACは,結合された (ATP生成) と結合されていない (熱生成) のエネルギー変換の両方を媒介します.
AACの二重輸送方式は,細胞のATP需要によるミトコンドリア解離のダイナミックな制御を可能にします.
AACは二重輸送機能により細胞のエネルギー生産と熱生成を結びつけています

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