皮膚 TRPV1+ ニューロン トリガー 保護性 生まれつきのタイプ17 予期免疫
Jonathan A Cohen1, Tara N Edwards1, Andrew W Liu1
1Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
Cell
|July 30, 2019
まとめ
感覚神経細胞 (TRPV1+) の活性化で 免疫反応が始まり 病原菌に対する皮膚の防御が強化されます このニューロンの活性化も 神経反射を通して近隣の皮膚を保護します
科学分野:
- 免疫学
- 神経科学
- 皮膚科
背景:
- 皮膚のTRPV1+ニューロンは有害な刺激を検知し,皮膚病原体に対する先天的な免疫に不可欠です.
- TRPV1+ ニューロンの活性化だけで免疫反応を誘発する能力とその機能的役割は不明である.
研究 の 目的:
- TRPV1+ニューロンの活性化が先天的な免疫反応を誘発するのに十分であるかどうかを調べる.
- TRPV1+ニューロンによって誘発される免疫反応の生物学的機能を決定する.
主な方法:
- 光刺激による皮膚ニューロン活性化に TRPV1-Ai32 光遺伝マウスを利用した.
- 組織損傷や病原体に関連した分子がない状態で実験を行い,神経細胞の活性化効果を特定した.
主要な成果:
- TRPV1+ニューロンの活性化だけで,局所的なタイプ17免疫反応が成功しました.
- この反応は *C. albicans* と *S. aureus* の皮膚感染症に対する宿主の防御を強化した.
- ニューロンの活性化も17型反応を誘発し,神経反射弧を通して隣接する,刺激されていない皮膚の防御を強化しました.
結論:
- TRPV1+ニューロンの活性化は,先天的な免疫反応を誘発し,宿主の防御を強化するのに十分です.
- 隣接する皮膚部位に先天的な免疫が示され,反ドロミックニューロンの活性化によって媒介される.
- 神経細胞の活性化と皮膚の先天的な免疫システムの調節の間の機能的なリンクを確立しました.
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