食中のメチオニンは,マウスがんモデルでの治療に影響を与え,ヒトの代謝を変化させる
Xia Gao1, Sydney M Sanderson1, Ziwei Dai1
1Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
Nature
|August 2, 2019
まとめ
細胞成長に不可欠なアミノ酸メチオニンの制限により,臨床前モデルでのがんのアウトカムが改善されました. この食生活の変化は腫瘍の代謝に影響し,がん患者の化学療法と放射線療法の効果を高める可能性があります.
科学分野:
- 腫瘍学
- 代謝経路
- 栄養学
背景:
- 栄養は健康と代謝疾患に大きな影響を与えます
- 癌には重要な代謝成分がありますが,癌の結果に対する食事の影響は不明です.
- 癌の代謝経路を標的とした 薬物療法と放射線療法で 治療効果が得られます
研究 の 目的:
- 標準的な治療法で標的となる癌の代謝経路に特定の食事介入が影響するかどうかを調査する.
- メチオニンの制限ががんの結末と腫瘍細胞の代謝に及ぼす影響を決定する.
主な方法:
- 患者による結腸直腸がんの異種移植モデルと軟組織肉腫のマウスモデルにおけるメチオニンの食事制限.
- 治療効果のメカニズムを理解するための代謝分析
- 組織的代謝変化を評価するための制御されたヒト栄養試験.
主要な成果:
- メチオニンの制限は,化学療法に抵抗する結腸直腸がんと放射線に抵抗する軟組織肉腫のモデルで治療効果を示した.
- メカニズムは,一炭素代謝に対する腫瘍細胞自律的効果であり,酸化還元と核酸代謝に影響を与えます.
- ヒトでの食事試験では,メチオニンの制限がマウスのそれと同様の全身代謝効果を誘導することが示された.
結論:
- 食中のメチオニンの制限は,がん代謝に影響を与えるための標的の栄養戦略である.
- このアプローチは 化学療法や放射線治療のような 既存のがん治療の有効性を高める可能性を 示しています
- 発見は,腫瘍細胞の代謝を通して癌の結果を媒介する特定の食事の操作の役割を支持しています.
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